Žaliosios logistikos taikymo svarba: vartotojų nuomonės tyrimas

LTKlasikinė logistika akcentuoja produktų judėjimą nuo gamintojo iki vartotojo, daugiausia dėmesio skiriant transportavimui, sandėliavimui ir atsargų valdymui. Krovinių vežėjai siekia teikti transporto paslaugas mažesnėmis sąnaudomis, tuo suinteresuoti ir jų klientai, tačiau galutiniai vartotojai mažai domisi tuo, kaip produktai gabenami, kokios miestuose spūstys, oro tarša, triukšmas. Ypač neigiamai miestų aplinką veikia dabartinis miesto prekių paskirstymo organizavimas. Žalioji logistika bando suderinti veiksmingą transportavimą su aplinką tausojančiomis miesto logistikos sistemomis. Šiame straipsnyje siekiama ištirti žaliosios logistikos svarbą vartotojų požiūriu. Norint atskleisti Lietuvos vartotojų požiūrį mažiau taršios logistikos taikymą transporto įmonėse, atliktas kiekybinis tyrimas. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė, kad vartotojai menkai suvokia žaliosios logistikos termino esmę, nors beveik visi apklaustieji teigė, kad transporto įmonės privalo prisidėti prie aplinkosaugos problemų mažinimo. PAGRINDINIAI ŽODŽIAI: žalioji logistika, darnus vystymasis, transportas.

EN[...] The research focuses on various aspects of green logistics, but most importantly in the context of sustainable development. The problem: What are the reasons for choosing a logistics company, and how is the importance of the implementation of green logistics assessed from a consumer perspective? The aim of the research: To investigate the importance of the application of green logistics from the point of view of consumers. Research methods: Analysis of research literature sources, systematisation, synthesis, generalisation and comparison were applied at the theoretical level. Quantitative research and data processing methods were applied in the empirical research. A total of 380 consumers who use courier services participated in the research. Demographic characteristics of respondents: about 50% of the respondents were between 18 and 25 years old, 20% were between 26 and 34, 15% between 35 and 44, and about 15% of respondents were over 45. About 40% of the respondents were men, and 60% were women. The collected empirical data was processed using the SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) programme. Descriptive statistics such as percentiles, mean, mode and standard deviation were used in the data processing. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the means of more than two groups. Results and conclusions: The results of the research show that the choice of one company or another is determined mostly by the price and the delivery time. The company’s social responsibility and efforts to contribute to the reduction of environmental problems are important to a very small number. This shows that the basic principles of green logistics are completely irrelevant to consumers.The respondents’ open-ended question of whether and why companies should contribute to green logistics led to a significant number of contributions, the essence of which is that companies must contribute to solving environmental problems. Most respondents pay little attention to their social responsibility and the reduction of environmental problems when choosing a company to deliver goods for them. More than 60% of respondents have not heard anything about the green logistics practices implemented by companies, which basically shows that the practice of green logistics by companies is still poorly publicised, and consumers are not very interested in it. Although respondents say companies should strive to implement less polluting logistics, most are not yet familiar with it or have not heard of it. Businesses should disseminate examples of good practice, to acquaint consumers with the green logistics they implement. KEY WORDS: green logistics, sustainable development, transport.