Kaip Covid-19 karantinas pakeitė orią kasdienybę slaugos ligoninėje

LTStraipsnyje, pasitelkus kokybinius tyrimo metodus ir etnografinę medžiagą, lyginamas orios kasdienybės užtikrinimas prieš karantiną, įvestą dėl COVID-19, ir po jo. Aiškinami pagrindiniai paliatyvios slaugos dėmenys: bendruomeniškumas ir artimųjų pagalba. Karantinas panaikino abu šiuos svarbiausius paliatyvios pagalbos veiksnius. Straipsnyje parodoma, kaip karantino įvesti suvaržymai panaikino orios kasdienybės užtikrinimą. Reikšminiai žodžiai: paliatyvi slauga, ori kasdienybė, slaugos ligoninė, karantinas, COVID-19, bendruomeniškumas, terminaliniai ligoniai. [Iš leidinio]

ENThe COVID-19 pandemic crisis poses a considerable challenge to terminally ill patients. In this paper the use of qualitative research methods and ethnography compares the dignity of everyday life in the nursing hospital and how dignity is achieved before COVID-19 quarantine and during it. The focus is on the main palliative medicine principles – community and support from relatives. Because of quarantine patients could no longer gather and could not communicate with their relatives. This research shows that because of quarantine patients lost their ability to die with dignity. The paper’s methodological basis consists of anthropological and social work research methods such as participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and informal interviews. The main material is from the 2018 Master’s thesis – “Dignity in a nursing hospital. Approaches and experiences of medical staff and patients”. It is updated with five semi-structural interviews from patients and four semi-structural interviews with the medical staff of the hospital conducted in June 2020. Conclusions. Human dignity is a multi-layered concept that holds many categories, so it is best to value how it is constructed in practice. For the terminal patient to remain dignified means getting help in resolving the limitations of the disability, remaining a significant member of society.Religion plays an important role in the daily lives of patients. They get psychosocial support, based exclusively on the Christian concept and teaching of dignity, which acts directly through the spiritual assistant working at the institution, during religious rituals or other events attended by clergy. For patients, it is important to feel connected. They need to communicate with their relatives and need their support. Relatives are the link that connects them with the outer world. While inside the hospital patients gather for communal meetings and mass. During COVID-19 quarantine occasioned a lack of relatives, their support, and a lack of many common activities in the hospital. For employees work became more organized, but they had to take on more responsibilities. Patients without relatives did not see a major change in their daily lives, but those who have relatives became more lonely. They were waiting for quarantine to end so that they could see their relatives again. Keywords: palliative care, dignified community, dignity at the end of life, nursing hospital, terminal patients, quarantine, COVID-19. [From the publication]