ENThe article describes the work of the Vilnius University in the interwar period. After 1919, when Poland became independent, it was re-organized under the name of Stefan Batory University. Despite many technical and fi nancial setbacks, it managed to create two botanical Departments (General Botany and Plant Taxonomy). The objective of this article is to research and systemise the educational activities of Stefan Batory University in the fi eld of botany. The research is based both on the materials from the Vilnius archives and on some published works.