Jungiamieji metalo elementai motuose – XIV a. kryžiuočių palikimas Veliuonoje

LTStraipsnyje pristatomos archeologinių tyrimų metu Veliuonos bevardėse pilaitėse surinktos geležinės tvirtinimo detalės. Didžiausias dėmesys skirtas vinių tipologijos sudarymui ir aprašymo metodikos sukūrimui, taip pat atlikta lyginamoji analizė su kitų autorių sudarytomis tipologijomis. Tyrimo metu atlikti matavimai tapo pagrindu kiekvieno išskirto tipo analizei, tuo pačiu pristatomas galimas pritaikomumas ir chronologija.

ENThe so called nameless Veliuona castles or in the opinion of other researchers the so called Veliuona motteis a very interesting archaeological object, taking into account its history and construction, which attracts the attention of many researchers. In this article there are presented iron materials found in 1965 while investigating nameless Veliuona castles (Veliuona motte), typological study. Before the research the question wa s raised, what wer e the connecting elements used while building Veliuona motte in XIV" 1 century? T h e conducted study and its data ana ­ lysis is a very significant contribution to the exploration of the castles' building elements. In this particular case, the main focus wa s on one building element group - nails. Altogether there were described 613 items of nails, that were presumably used in the construction. For this study there were sellected 589 items, they wer e all divided into 6 groups and 13 types. There was constituted a nail typology which allowed them to be compared with typologies made by other researchers. For the comparison there were selected the typologies distinguished by B. Gierlach and R. Krajic. The results of the study showed that diverse types of nails, could have been used for a similar purpose or, on the contrary, that same type of nails wer e used in diverse situations. Therefore, one can assume, that the nail functionality was affected not only by the form of its head, but also the size of the head and the lenght of the shank. Nails that have the head of a shape of infinity sign or numbe r eight is not distinguished as a separate type, it is interpreted as an imprisonment or crucifixion sign.