ENThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the economic conditiens of Jews in the Northwest region of Imperial Russia (now Belarus and Lithuania) based on data from the 1897 census. Chapter 1 deals with the demographic aspect of the Jewish population in the Nomhwest Region of Imperial Russia in the late 19th century. Throughout the latter half of the 19th century, Jews tended to immigrate to the cities and shtetl of this region. Chapter 2 deals with the occupational structure of the Jewish population in the Northwest region. According to the 1897 census, about 40% of Jews living there worked as artisans, and about 40% as merchants. However, Jews monopolized almost all trades. In particular, practically all tavern managers were Jews.