Politiniai iššūkiai ir sociokultūrinės sąlygos lietuvių transmigrantų (re)integracijai į Lietuvos visuomenę

LTStraipsnyje aptariamos transmigracijos ir (re)integracijos sąvokos, remiantis akademiniais šaltiniais. Taip pat pristatomas transmigrantų grįžimo ir integracijos į Lietuvos visuomenę tyrimas, akcentuojantis politinius, sociokultūrinius iššūkius, su kuriais susiduria repatriantai. Socialinės antropologijos metodai leidžia išgirsti "gyvą" informantų žodį ir jų pačių naudojamas emines sąvokas, kad būtų galima iš jų perspektyvos suprasti, kokia yra tikroji transmigrantų patirtis siekiant integracijos Lietuvos visuomenėje. Iškeliami svarbūs transmigracijos akcentai turėtų sudominti ne tik šią temą aktualizuojančius socialinių, humanitarinių mokslų atstovus, bet ir vyriausybės, savivaldybių narius, kuriančius ir turinčius galimybes koreguoti migracijos strategiją, žmones, kuriems svarbūs Lietuvoje vykstantys migraciniai procesai.

ENThis article is dealing with the contemporary Lithuania problem why there is such a little number of returnees and questionable conditions for their integration to Lithuanian society? The research was done in the summer of 2005, using social anthropology methods, such as participant observation, qualitative interviews and longer term relationships in order to get as many informants words from emic perspective. A theoretical approach was oriented to transmigration and (re)integration concepts analyzes. Most of the transmigrants are not satisfied with the Lithuania's politics, citizenship rights, but if they really find the way of self and cultural needs realization, they tend to speak about the Government positively. There is a correlation with informants identifying them selves as Lithuanians or double citizenship and decision of the final settling down destination. Trying to understand, why there is such a little number of returnees to Lithuania, I asked and observed as well, what is their attitude to the Government and locals, relatives and neighbors. The conclusion is that all my informants have strong social connections, even do not see it as a privilege, not that many have contacts with relatives, try not to be very close to neighbors, but finally end up complaining or cooperating with them. For the majority of informants general disappointment with the law, Government position towards returnees is common, many of them had problems while redeeming citizenship, so there are cases of coming back to hosted country after repatriation, because informants' expectations did not meet the reality.This article could be considered as a review of resent transmigration situation in Lithuania, suggesting valuable key points for the politicians, responsible for the migration strategy creation, for social, humanitarian scientists, exploring this subject, giving lots of interesting information to people, who are concerned with migration flows.