Mantagailiškio dvaras: iš praeities į dabartį

LTKnygoje pristatomas Mantagailiškio dvaras - vienas iš XVI-XX a. pirmosios pusės dvarų, kuris nepriklausė Biržų savininkams kunigaikščiams Radviloms, grafams Tiškevičiams, ir iki šių dienų išliko su XIX a. antrosios pusės rekonstrukcijomis. Istorinius šaltinius išvertė istorikas dr. Algirdas Baliulis, archeologinius tyrimus apibendrino archeologė Roma Songailaitė, architektūrinius dvaro pastatų tyrimus ir dvaro atkūrimo projektą pristato architektas Algimantas Stalgys. Leidinyje publikuojami istoriniai šaltiniai, archeologinių tyrimų ir radinių nuotraukos, planai ir kt.

ENAccording to the historical sources, manor sites in Biržai region started to be established in the beginning of the 16th century. In the 1645 "Map of the Duchy of Biržai" by Juzef Naronovich-Naronski, homesteads of nobles and peasants were marked. Over 300 years period larger or smaller manor homesteads and palivarks have grown from the homesteads, marked earlier. To this day, most of them have only names left. In the 16th century Mantagailiškis manor was one of the manors that did not belong to the owners of Biržai, Dukes Radvilos, and remained to this day with the traits of reconstructions from the second half of the 19th century. The structure of Mantagailiškis manor homestead (unique code 80) formed in the 19th century and now is listed in the register of cultural heritage. In the absence of the manor palace and other building drawings, while not knowing the exact year of its construction, the current owners of the manor took the initiative to conduct archaeological research in order to find out the development of the manor. Preparation of documentation for the emergency handling of the palace led to an architectural and historical research. Until 2012 no archaeological research was carried out in the territory, so there was no information about the cultural layer and its dating. It was unknown where the buildings stood that were marked on 1645 map. Archaeological research conducted in 2012-2015 and 2017 provided an opportunity not only to localize the 17th-18th century buildings, but also to determine the stages of their development. Discovered fragments of the 16th century cultural layer with finds of the former manor homestead, according to historical sources, determined the time of the manor establishment. Mantagailiškis manor homestead is currently one of the most archaeologically investigated manors in Northeast Lithuania.Its archaeological material allows making generalizations about the 16th - the beginning of the 19th century manor households in this area and analyze the links with the Curonian principality and other regions of Lithuania. Historical research in this publication based on written sources does not pretend to be scientific historical summaries. The purpose of the work was to show how many historical sources, published in the Lithuanian Metric or stored in the Lithuanian Archives are, for various reasons, unavailable and unknown. Therefore, several 16th-18th century manor inventories or documents related to their owners were collected and translated into Lithuanian language. This will allow for a wider audiences of readers to understand the spirit of the time, the life of the manor, and a broader understanding of the manor’s history and its people. Historical sources were translated by historian Dr. A. Baliulis, archaeological research was summarized by archaeologist Roma Songailaitė, architectural studies of manor buildings and manor restoration project are presented by architect A. Stalgys, research of zooarcheological material found during the excavation was summarized by prof. L. Daugnora. We thank dr. A. Baliulis for the collected and translated historical sources, the Biržai Region Museum "Šėla" fund department and manor owners for the submitted documents and photos, as well as everyone who contributed to the preparation of this publication. [..].

• Archeologija / Archaeology
• Istorija / History