Tumulty wyznaniowe w dwóch stolicach Rzeczypospolitej: w Krakowie i Wilnie, od XVI do XVIII w. - geneza, mechanizmy, uczestnicy

ENThe aim of this doctoral dissertation is to revise the image of religious riots in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth prevalent in the current literature through comparative analysis of riots in the two capitals of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: in Cracow and Vilnius. The work consists of four main parts. Part I contains the introductory chapters in the main subject of the thesis. In addition to the usual introduction (Chapter 1), the antiriots legislation and protections have been widely discussed (chapter 2). The research covered general constitutions and mandates for individual cities, ordinances of magistrates, as well as municipal security forces and their organization in the face of internal and external threats. In chapter 3 attention was paid to the the University of Cracow and the Vilnius Academy – environments from which, according to many sources, main participants of the religious riots were recruited. The chapter describes not only the situation of both universities, but also judicial privileges and the scope of the rector's jurisdiction. The latter issue is important to correctly understand many court battles regarding rights to judge students in religious riots. The dissertation also drew attention to the religious situation of the two universities, trying to raise awareness to the complexity of the subject and the need to go beyond the existing schemes. Both in Cracow and in Vilnius, in certain periods and under certain conditions, non-Catholics could participate in academic education and even enter the group of professors, which obviously complicates the simple vision of events presented so far in literature.Part II and and part III are the main parts of the work containing respectively a chronological analysis of the most important religious riots in Cracow, and religious riots in the capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In both parts was included not only the largest religious riots that echoed throughout the country, but also the incidents of a smaller scale. In the author's opinion both groups of riots are equally important for understanding the phenomenon of religious hatered. Part IV contains a comprehensive summary of the subject taken, broken down into the origins, mechanisms and participants of religious riots.