Valstybinių parkų kraštovaizdžio morfostruktūros analizė: 2. Teritorijos išskirtinumas

Collection:
Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Straipsnis / Article
Language:
Lietuvių kalba / Lithuanian
Title:
Valstybinių parkų kraštovaizdžio morfostruktūros analizė: 2. Teritorijos išskirtinumas
Alternative Title:
Morphostructural analysis of Lithuanian national and regional parks: 2. outstandingness of the territory
In the Journal:
Geologija. Geografija. 2019, t. 5, nr. 2, p. 49-60
Keywords:
LT
Anykščiai; Kurtuvėnai; Labanoras; Trakai; Varniai; Lietuva (Lithuania); Kraštovaizdis / Landscape.
Summary / Abstract:

LTStraipsnis prezentuoja 2018–2019 m. atliktos visų Lietuvos nacionalinių ir regioninių parkų kraštovaizdžio struktūros analizės antrosios dalies, skirtos teritorijų santykiniam išskirtinumui aptarti, rezultatus. Jame pateikiami kraštovaizdžio išskirtinumo sampratos ypatumai, bandymai jį nustatyti ir užsienio bei Lietuvos patirtis šioje srityje. Pristatoma naujausia originali kraštovaizdžio išskirtinumo analizės metodika, kuri buvo adaptuota Lietuvos nacionalinių ir regioninių parkų teritorijoms. Teikiamas gautas šių 35 parkų kraštovaizdžio morfostruktūros įvairovės ir kompleksinės vertės palyginamojo vertinimo rezultatų apibendrinimas. Specialus dėmesys skirtas palyginamajai išskirtinei kraštovaizdžio struktūros įvairovei nustatyti, naudojant suminį išskirtinės įvairovės koeficientą. Antra vertus, kraštovaizdžio struktūros palyginamoji išskirtinė vertė gali būti skaičiuojama kitais dviem alternatyviais būdais: (a) pagal kraštovaizdžio apylinkių kompleksinio vertinimo metu surinktą bendrą išskirtinumo balų sumą ir (b) pagal išskirtinius balus gavusių kraštovaizdžio apylinkių plotų suminį procentą. Atsižvelgiant į vertinimo rezultatus visi nacionaliniai ir regionai pirkai skirstomi į aukščiausio, didelio bei standartinio teritorijos išskirtinumo (santykinio vertingumo) grupes. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Kraštovaizdžio kompleksinė vertė; Kraštovaizdžio morfostruktūra; Kraštovaizdžio įvairovė,; Nacionaliniai ir regioniniai parkai; Teritorija; Teritorijos išskirtinumas; Vertė; Įvairovė; Comprehensive; Diversity; Landscape diversity; Landscape morphostructure; National and regional parks; Outstandingness of the territory; Territory; Value; Value of the landscape.

ENNational and regional parks, both in their total area and in their internal territorial landscape units, are not completely homogeneous in terms of the distinctness of the landscape morphostructure, and therefore there is an objective landscape management need to assess and capture this imbalance. It is typical that until now there is no unified methodology for establishing landscape outstandingness not only in the context of individual large regions of the world, but even within individual countries, and it is unlikely that such a methodology will be developed, despite the desires and attempts to regulate it with legal instruments. The article presents the second part of special research carried out in Lithuania in 2018–2019, aimed at identifying national and regional parks with the highest (outstanding) value or significance and carrying out comparative analysis of individual parks. The results of the analysis of landscape morphological structure of all national and regional parks of Lithuania presents the peculiarities of the concept of landscape outstandingness, attempts to identify it and the Lithuanian experience in this field. It is recommended that the outstandingness of a landscape be defined methodologically in two main ways: (a) through differences in the diversity of morphological structure, and (b) through the relative complexity of the established landscape morphological structure. In the first case, we face a variety of possible indicators for defining the landscape structure of the entire national or regional parks, resulting in a real need to compute a cumulative coefficient of exceptional diversity to evaluate and integrate the individual indicators of information density, aggregation, and dissemination. This total exceptional diversity coefficient (α) was calculated according to the formula: α = 0.5 A + 0.3 B + 0.2 C, where A – a set of relative diversity (information density) indicators.B – aggregate diversity (information aggregation) indicator group, C – group of indicators of territorial differentiation (dissemination of information), 0.5; 03; 0.2 – weighting coefficients for individual indicator groups. In the second case, we have to solve the problem of multicriteria qualimetry, where the landscape morphostructure has to pass through the qualitatively different evaluation criteria, and when defining the categories of comparative relative evaluation results (cumulative scores) by a computational qualimetry method, i.e. give the highest category to areas that have scored more than two-thirds of the points available, the high category to most (over half) of the available points, and the standard category to all remaining areas. Historic national and historic regional parks are recommended to apply a system of translation criteria adopted to their specificity (priority of historical cultural values). Alternative complexity assessment of the comparative outstandingness of a national or regional parks territory may also be conducted based on: (a) the sum of the percentage of landscaped areas that have received exceptional scores, or (b) the sum of the number of landscapes that have received exclusive scores. The results of the specific comparative evaluation of Lithuanian national and regional parks in the context of the exceptional morphological structure of the landscape showed that the Trakai Historic National Park and Varniai, Kurtuvėnai, Verkiai, Pajūris, Rambynas and Pavilniai regional parks are leading in terms of structural diversity. The Curonian Spit, Aukštaitija and Žemaitija national, as well as Trakai historic national and Varniai, Anykščiai, Labanoras, Nemunas loops, Pavilniai, Dubysa and Rambynas regional parks stand out in terms of the complex value of the landscape structure.

DOI:
10.6001/geol-geogr.v5i2.4129
ISSN:
2424-3205
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Permalink:
https://www.lituanistika.lt/content/82231
Updated:
2020-04-18 07:38:45
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