Проблеми відновлення державного життя Литви у публіцистиці Сергія Єфремова 1917-1919 років
ENThe purpose of the article is the analysis of journalistic writings by the creator of modern Ukrainian journalism, literary critic and historian of literature and public movements Serhiy Alexandrovich Yefremov (1876–1939), devoted to the problems of national liberation and state regeneration of Lithuania. Sources were the texts of S. Yefremov from 1917–1919 in the newspaper «Nova Rada» and the bibliographic magazine «Knyharʹ: litopys ukrayinsʹkoho pysʹmenstva», memories, diaries, correspondence. S. Yefremov considered the issue of revival of the state life of Lithuania in the articles «The peoples of Russia and the state centralism», «Lithuanian affairs», «Independence or federalism?» etc. It should be emphasized that S. Yefremov’s journalistic writings about the national question has been made public but not sufficiently involved with the scientific circulation of the source. Yefremov’s journalistic notes contain the time and date information reflecting the dynamics of the national problem in the Russian state, where the first months of the February revolution occurred during rapid disintegration and decentralization. S. Yefremov ardently sympathized constituent aspirations of the Lithuanian people, consistently defended the right of «non-state» and «small» nations to independent political choice - whether in the form of national-territorial autonomy, or in the form of political autonomy.Furthermore, he understood the attempts of the people of the former Russian Empire to take advantage of the foreign policy situation and secure the support of the dominant states in defending their national interests. He was a consistent antagonist of Bolshevism. His journalism provides an opportunity to consider the comparative aspect of Ukrainian and Lithuanian experience in nation-building, helps answer the question, which was the main reason for the defeat of the Ukrainian liberation movement contain objective or subjective factors, and why such different people can be fate that has long interacted in the common geopolitical space.
