Lietuvos miestų urbanistiniai-sociologiniai tyrimai: patirtis, rezultatai, nauda

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Miestai; Sociologiniai tyrimai; Urbanistika; Gyvenamoji aplinka; Cities; Sociological researches; Urbanism; Living environment.

ENIn the article author presents a short review of the urban-sociological researches in Lithuanian cities which took place in the period from 1969 to 1992. It specifies the main reasons which stimulated this process. In this aspect the beginning of the period is characterised by intensive development of planning and constructing large residential areas consisting of prefabricated multistoried apartament houses. Strict and definite methods of industrial construction determined the outlook of newly built residential areas - most of them looked unexpressive, monitonous, boring. Their dwellers constantly reproached for unsatisfactory structure of apartments, for their size, dimensions of rooms, for orentation of houses and particularly - for their exploitation qualities. At the same time dissatisfaction of society by low course of Lithuanian cities historical centres reconstrution started in mass-media. It resulted at the end of sixties the new generation of old cities reconstruction projects elaboration began. Actual situation required to enrich the planning methods used earlier by introducing the more humanorientated approach. Planners in new residential areas and old cities were interested to explain what samples were to be followed, which ones had to be created for the future inhabitants. All these circumstances induced the development of urban-sociological researches. Since then all the greater scale town planning projects were supplied by sociological part. So the experience and knowledge of specific local content began to grow, composition and image of dwelling environment began to shape. Methods of sociological ferecask as well as various housing types selection were defined. Numerous urban-sociological researches revealed the use of balanced housing stock composition containing various types of dwelling houses types in order to solve the acute problem of housing deficit in the more rapid and effective way. [From the publication]