Iš meilės išminties meilei : filosofai neprofesionalai Lietuvos filosofijos kontekste

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Filosofija; Meilė; Menas; Literatūra; Religijos filosofija; Dievas; Filosofai; Philosophy; Love; Art; Literature; Philosophy of religion; God; Philosophers.

EN"There are few people who devote themselves to philosophy. But generally every person is a philosopher..." said Juozas Girnius, a Lithuanian philosopher. This statement may be observed as an invitation to expand the field of research of philosophical ideas. Even if we implied that builders, dealers, soldiers or farmers would not be very original philosophers, there would still be many interesting specialists: scientists, politicians and probably most importantly - artists who create texts - poets, prose writers, playwrights. [...] This study observes the philosophical work of Lithuania's writers. A poet and publisher Vaidotas Daunys in his essay work "Šeštoji diena" ("The Sixth Day") writes about the problems and events of todays society, politics and culture. While searching for arguments he often reaches out to poetry; he does not try to prove any particular theses and does not give final problem solutions. Later on he highlights the problems as a whole and interprets the emerged situation, i.e. he is being philosophical. Precise and beautiful language frequently makes the text of the essay seem similar to a poem thus the works of V. Daunys may be called "poetical philosophy". A poet and diplomat Oscar Milosz confessed that he dedicated two decades of his life for contemplation about space and time because he was "haunted by the same problem - eternal, unsolvable problem of space". In his youth he searched for his own space through writing poetry, plays and novels, later through writing political articles and working as a diplomat and at the end of his life - through translating Lithuanian folklore and studying history of nations. As he could not define his object of search more precisely, he named it le lieu seul situé.One of the most interesting steps towards his own space is "Épitre à Storge" ("Letter to Storge", 1916), which has many ideas excitingly similar to A. Einstein's theory of relativity: "...time, space and matter are not given separately but altogether in motion". Lev Karsavin, a Russian historian, worked in Lithuania half his life and until he was sent away from Soviet Russia on the famous "philosophers' ship" (1922), wrote the so-called philosophical poem "Noctes Petropolitanae". It is not only an honest conversation with a loved woman but also a harmonious yet controversial theory of love. Birutė Jonuškaitė's short story "Ragana ir..." ("The Witch and...") is a actually a letter of a young poetess to her lover who hurt her terribly and did not come to the poetry festival. From emotional and often angry statements of the woman we may create some concept of love but it is impossible to determine if it is the same as the author's. A play "Trys mylimos" ("Three loved women") by Žemaitė, a renowned Lithuanian writer, was presented in Lithuania's theatres many times. In 2007 director Laima Adomaitienė and a youth theatre presented her own interpretation of the play and even "reversed" its name: "Trys mylinčios" ("Three loving women"). It is extremely interesting to compare two quite similar but actually different points of view towards the same situation in life and the nuances of the relationship between a man and woman. In addition, Laima Adomaitienė's adaptation of the play eliminated almost 80% of the words and replaced them with movement and dance. A journalist, publisher and founder of the literary journal "Naujoji Romuva" (1931) Juozas Keliuotis published an interesting article "Į naująjį dinamizmą" ("Towards the New Dynamism") in 1940 (after the Soviet occupation).He deeply criticised the attitude towards culture of the previous government and thought that the new one will bring more opportunities for artists. Nevertheless, it was neither a betrayal nor subservience towards the new government. He demonstrated his political stand and produced many ideas for the organizational process of culture in the country. Thus his thoughts may be called political philosophy. Religious philosophy usually is a field of a very narrow circle consisting of theologians. However, each person has his own relationship with God. This study observes the thoughts of Lithuania s poets towards God, including their prayers, pleas, thanksgivings, conversations, fascinations with God and even claims and arguments with God. Some remarks of the poets are even more intelligent than the ones produced by famous philosophers. All in all, we could talk about sui generis poetical religious philosophy. The expansion of the field of research of philosophical ideas is, of course, very noble and useful but in order for this work to be fruitful we have to take into account two conditions. First, the external one: the artwork has to be of sufficient high level; and the second, the internal one: the researcher has to have a good knowledge of art. Otherwise, even the most profound philosophical ideas may be lost. [From the publication]