Henriko Valua 1573 m. elekcijos laikotarpio proginė poezija: Jeano de La Gessée Henriada

• Henri de Valois and the occasional poetry at the time of the royal election of 1573: Jean de La Gessée's Henrias
• Henri de Valois et la poésie de circonstance de l’époque de l’élection royale de 1573: l'Henrias de J. de La Gessée

LTStraipsnio objektas – XVI a. antros pusės prancūzų poeto, rašiusio Jeano de La Gessée slapyvardžiu, proginės poezijos rinkinys Henriada (Henrias) lotynų kalba, dedikuotas Abiejų Tautų Respublikos valdovu išrinktam Anžu kunigaikščiui Henrikui Valua. Straipsnis yra ciklo, kuriame nagrinėjami skirtingi šio leidinio aspektai, dalis. Jame aptariamos šio netyrinėto rinkinio sukūrimo aplinkybės, struktūra, dedikatai, tarp kurių yra ir ATR pasiuntinybės į Prancūziją nariai. Straipsnyje taip pat atskleidžiami nauji autoriaus biografijos duomenys, prisidedantys prie autoriaus tapatybės ir slapyvardžio problemos išaiškinimo. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Abiejų Tautų Respublika XVI a.; Henrikas Valua; XVI a. neolotyniškoji literatūra; Henriada; Jean de La Gessée; Louis d’Amboise.

ENThe subject of this article is a collection of occasional poems in Latin entitled Henriade (Henrias), attributed to Jean de La Gessée, a French poet of the second half of the sixteenth century. The collection is dedicated to Henri de Valois, Duke of Anjou, the elected ruler of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. This article is part of a series of publications dealing with different aspects of the text. It examines the circumstances and context of the creation of this little-studied collection, as well as its structure and dedicatees, including the members of the Polish and Lithuanian delegation sent to France. After comparing most of the known French and Latin publications from the period of the royal election of 1573 and analysing them from a thematic, problematic, and literary points of view, we can affirm that Henrias is undoubtedly one of the most important collections of poems dedicated to this election. It has a rigorous compositional structure, is distinguished by its poetic artistry, and can be considered a representative example of the Latin poetry produced at the Valois court during this period. The main difficulty of this study lies not in the texts of the collection but in the identification of their author. The association of the court poet who wrote under the name ‘Jean de La Gessée’ with Jean Gesse, a Protestant bourgeois and ‘secrétaire de la chambre’ of François de Valois, is more than questionable. The author’s poems contain numerous factual, chronological, and logical inconsistencies with La Gessée’s ‘official’ semi-hypothetical biography, which is in fact almost completely undocumented. The content of these Latin works as also the autobiographical details they contain make this identification even more unlikely.We believe that this modified name is a pseudonym (i. e., an allonym) used by Louis de Clermont d’Amboise de Bussy, a courtier of the Duke of Anjou, Henri de Valois (later first gentleman of François de Valois), who is mentioned in historical sources as a poet and interested in history. By studying certain poems in Henrias, in which he gives details of his personal life, we attempted to reconstruct certain episodes in his biography, such as his participation in the siege of La Rochelle. It also seems likely that this author used several pseudonyms in 1573 and that he is linked to a much larger body of literature on the theme of the royal election of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. As the introduction and the poems indicate, Henrias was written at the request of Henri de Valois, who acted as the poet’s patron. The composition of the collection and the order in which the dedicatees are presented show that it was carefully and purposefully arranged following the diplomatic protocol. In addition to Henri de Valois, the dedicatees include the main protagonists of the events surrounding the election of the sovereign, both in France and in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth: members of the delegation of the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth, the primate of Poland, French diplomats, and the officials and cultural figures who accompanied Henri de Valois to Cracow. Asmall collection of poems in French entitled Souspirs de la France complements the Latin Henrias and gives it a thematic balance. There is no doubt that the author took part in all the official ceremonies not as a mere spectator but as a committed actor with certain responsibilities and that he was in direct and frequent contact with the members of the Polish and Lithuanian delegation. He was also close to the historian François Baudouin.An analysis of Henrias shows that the collection aims to explore various political themes and court events while offering the reader many different poetic forms. The author demonstrates both his creativity and his mastery of ancient metre. The central section of the collection is an epic panegyric based on the classical structure of the enkomion, beginning with a solemn introduction, followed by a detailed description of the Duc d’Anjou’s lineage and exploits, a portrait of the character, an account of his achievements, and a reflection on ‘virtues’ presented in the form of ‘advice to the young sovereign’. The conclusion is marked by idealised descriptions of the country under his rule and of his future wife, Anne of Jagiellon. This section is written in imitation of Claudian’s panegyrics, both in terms of the genre and structure of the work and in terms of the style and the vocabulary used. Throughout the collection, various literary techniques are used to create an epic and heroic image of the new ruler of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, in line with historical circumstances and political discourse. We plan to examine these literary features in detail in a later article. Keywords: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the sixteenth century; Henri de Valois; Neo-Latin literature in the sixteenth century; Henrias; Jean de La Gessée; Louis d’Amboise.

• Henriko Valua išrinkimo Abiejų Tautų Respublikos valdovu vaizdavimas lotyniškoje prancūzų poezijoje: J. de La Gessée "Henriada" ir jos autorius. LMA Vrublevskių bibliotekos darbai. 2022, 11, p. 33-55.
• Lietuvos vardas senuosiuose prancūzų tekstuose: įvaizdžio link. Literatūra. 2009, t. 51 (4), p. 7-18.
• Studentų kompetencijų tobulinimas verslo praktinio mokymo firmose. Vadyba. 2009, Nr. 2 (14), p. 91-98.