Ocena poziomu zrównoważonego rozwoju państw Unii Europejskiej z wykorzystaniem wielowymiarowej analizy porównawczej

ENA new approach was proposed to assessing the level of sustainable development of the European Union countries using multidimensional comparative analysis. The positional approach of SEN-TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution) in three orders: social (S), economic (E) and environmental (N) was used in the proposed approach. This method also allows us to determine the position of the European Union countries and gives them an opportunity to identify their types of sustainable development. Using this method allows to show the level and position of the sustainable development of countries according to the dominance of order. This dominance is determined by the deviation of the partial value of the synthetic feature from the mean of the order. The rule of deviations of the values of synthetic partial value from their mean value, expressed as a median, was used to determine the developmental positions of countries. The empirical basis of the studies are data from Eurostat. Analysis has shown that the greatest integration of three orders was demonstrated by Scandinavian countries (especially Sweden and Finland), while non-integrated countries were in southern Europe (Greece, Italy, Spain) in both studied years. This method is universal and can also be used in analyzing the level of sustainable development of other units, e.g. regions.