Интерпретативные деонтические выражения в славянских и балтийских языках источники и пути развития
ENThe present article introduces the notion of interpretive deontics, by which we mean deontic expressions (imperatives, hortative particles, infinitives, deontic modal verbs etc.) used interpretively (in the sense of [Sperber and Wilson 1986]), i. e., with reference to speech acts (usually imputed to imaginary interlocutors) expressing directives addressed to the speaker or some third person. The authors argue that interpretive deontics are a distinct gram type used by speakers in order to comment on other people’s expectations considered to be unreasonable. A chain of semantic development “request for permission → deontic request → rhetorical deontic request → negative evaluation of other people’s expectations → negative evaluation of other people’s assertions” is posited. In a further extension of this interpretive gram type, the element of negative evaluation may be dropped, which make interpretive deontics into a source of evidentials. The material for the investigation is taken mainly from Slavonic and Baltic languages.
