Dekoratyvių ir vaistinių augalų įvairovė Lietuvos liaudies buities muziejaus Žemaitijos ekspozicijoje

LTLietuvos tradicinio prieškarinio kaimo sodybos apželdinimo pavyzdžių dabartiniuose kaimuose išlikę labai mažai. Lietuvos liaudies buities muziejaus ekspozicijose atkurti ne tik statiniai, bet ir sodybų želdynai. 2016 m. buvo stebimi dekoratyvūs ir vaistiniai / prieskoniniai augalai Žemaitijos ekspozicijoje trijose etnografinėse sodybose. Nustatyta augalų biologinė įvairovė palyginta su literatūros duomenimis, kiek atitinka tradiciniuose darželiuose augintų augalų asortimentą. Gintališkės, Įpilties ir Darbėnų sodybose auginama 46 rūšių dekoratyvūs ir vaistiniai / prieskoniai augalai. Šie vietinės floros ir prieš kelis šimtus metų introdukuoti augalai buvo auginami nuo seno Žemaitijos sodybose.

ENThere are very few of ethnographical gardens left in modern Lithuanian villages. In the meantime, the interest in them is growing. When organizing farmsteads, recreating manor surroundings it would be correct to decorate the environment with traditional ethnographical plants following the traditions before 60-90 years. Old farmstead planting examples, personal material from various expeditions would help to recreate the Lithuanian folk museum expositions. In 2016, the decorative, medicinal plants and herbs were inventoried in Lithuanian folk museum expositions in three ethnographical farmsteads in Samogitia. In Gintališkės, Įpilties and Darbėnai farmsteads, 46 species of decorative, medicinal plants and herbs are being grown: 7 species of shrubs and subshrubs, 24 species of perennials, 2 species of biennials, 10 species of annuals, 2 species of bulbous and 1 species of tuberous plants. Most of these plants have been grown for a very long time in Samogitia farmsteads and have old Samogitian names. The perennial plants which are not very demanding for environmental conditions and are being easily handled are mostly grown there. 6 species of plants (Ruta graveolens L., Delphinium cultorum Voss, Paeonia lactiflora Pall., Callistephus chinensis (L.) Nees., Helichrysum bracteatum (Vent.) Andrews and Tagetes erecta L.) are being grown in all three farmsteads. 13 species grow in two farmsteads and 29 species of plants grow in only one farmstead. The biggest variety of plant species is in two farmsteads in Gintališkės and Darbėnai. Plants which grow in all three farmsteads are the most popular and most prevalent and in old times were grown in almost all Samogitian farmsteads. Plants which grow in farmstead expositions not only decorate the farmsteads but are also used for education. Museum personnel can tell the old names of the plants and what they were used for.