Implicitinis ir eksplicitinis požiūris į naudojimąsi "Facebooku"
LTStraipsnyje pristatomi tyrimo, kuriuo siekta išsiaiškinti implicitinį ir eksplicitinį požiūrį į naudojimąsi „Facebooku“, rezultatai. Apklausta 210 vienos gimnazijos mokinių. Jų amžius buvo nuo 17 iki 19 metų, 41,4 % – vaikinai, 58,6 % – merginos. Implicitiniam požiūriui matuoti buvo pasitelktas vieno atributo implicitinių asociacijų testas (SA-IAT), o eksplicitiniam – 21 teiginio klausimynas apie požiūrį į naudojimąsi „Facebooku“ (Kokoç & Çiçek, 2011). Buvo atskleista, kad jaunuolių, besinaudojančių „Facebooku“, požiūris į jo naudojimą teigiamesnis nei tų, kurie neturi susikūrę savo paskyros šiame tinkle. Be to, eksplicitinis požiūris yra susijęs su prisijungimų dažniu ir laiku, praleistu prie šio socialinio tinklo, ir padeda prognozuoti „Facebooko“ paskyros turėjimą. Implicitinio požiūrio sąsajų su elgesiu bei skirtumų tarp turinčių paskyrą ir jos neturinčių jaunuolių rasti nepavyko. Taip pat šis požiūris nėra prognozuojantis veiksnys, tačiau, nagrinėjant reakcijos greičio skirtumus, pastebėta, kad turintys paskyrą jaunuoliai greičiau susieja „Facebooką“ su malonumu.
ENWe already know that attitude and behaviour are related and can influence each other. Greenwald and Banaji (1995) suggest that attitude can be explicit or implicit. Explicit attitude is conscious and related with such behavior. Implicit attitude is unconscious, automatic and has more relationships with unconscious behaviour. The authors of the mentioned study suggest that neither of them are “real” attitudes, but it is important to recognize both, as they can have different influences on our behaviour. Facebook is the most popular social network around the world, especially across the younger generations. Researchers found that the explicit attitude toward Facebook is very positive (Johnston et al., Mersin, 2013; Acılar & Mersin, 2015), but there are no papers on implicit attitude. So, the purpose of this study was to find out the implicit and explicit attitudes toward using Facebook and to reveal the interrelations between these attitudes and experiences from using Facebook. The study participants consisted of 210 teenagers from a single gymnasium. Their ages were 17 (40%), 18 (50%) and 19 (10%); 41.4% of them represented boys, 58.6% – girls. Implicit attitudes were measured by the Single Attribute Implicit Association Test (SA-IAT), and the explicit attitudes – by a 21-item questionnaire regarding the attitude toward using Facebook (Kokoç & Çiçek, 2011). Results showed that the majority of them have a Facebook account (N=171). Facebook users have more positive explicit attitudes, and this was related to time spent on Facebook and the number of times they connect to the social media network on a daily basis. Also, it was revealed that explicit attitude is the predictor of having an account on Facebook, and that implicit attitude had predicted the opposite. Moreover, implicit attitude does not differ between users and non-users and has no significant relationship with behaviour.However, it was noticed that Facebook users were faster when pairing Facebook with pleasant rather than unpleasant words. Non-users reacted in both test conditions equally. This could mean that users unconciously associate Facebook with pleasant feelings and may share positive implicit attitudes. However, this study has several limitations. Most of the participants were Facebook users, so the differences that were found could be inaccurate. Also, all of them were from the same gymnasium, so different results may possibly be gathered from different school populations. Therefore, the obtained results should be interpreted with caution.
