Unia lubelska i unia brzeska - tworzenie państwa nowożytnej Europy

ENThis article refers to the origin, realization and consequences of the Union of Lublin (1569) and the Union of Brześć (1569), which were very important political events in the Central and Eastern Europe. The Union of Lublin was a consequence of a complex international situation in this part of the continent, as well as social and political changes in Poland and Lithuania in the 16th century. As a result of the union a new federative, dualistic state occurred preserving both Polish and Lithuanian state systems. The Union of Brześć was an effect of two factors: aspirations of the Roman Catholic Church for conversion of the Orthodox Church and eagerness of the Orthodox bishops to reform. Both unions led to rise of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, a multinational and multicultural state. As a consequence of both unions polonization processes arised including most of all the Rus nobility from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In the year 1600 the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth suggested to the Tsardom of Muscovy a union initiative.