ENA programme of mapping the royal estates in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the reign of King Stanislaus Augustus was initiated by Antoni Tyzenhauz, the administrator of the Royal Estates in Lithuania, and continued by his successors, Franciszek Rzewuski and Stanisław Poniatowski. Most cartographers were educated at the School for Surveyors founded by Tyzenhauz in Grodno after 1765. The surveying work covered four Royal Estates in the Grand Dutchy of Lithuania, yet special effort was put into measuring the Grodno and Alytus estates and less so in the Šiauliai and the Brest-Kobryn estates. In that large-scale mapping project, the maps of entire estates and individual governorates, keys, lands, plans of towns, manors and gardens, villages, and avulses were made. There were also projects of peasant houses and farm buildings. Tracts and roads were mapped, as well as woodlands and their parts: guards and quarters. A separate group of maps was created to demarcate the royal estates from private lands. These were necessary because, over almost 200 years, parts of the estate territories had often been seized by neighbours during wars or interregnum. The plans of towns, drawn in large numbers, served to bring order to the spatial relationships in the towns. As a result of the programme, several dozen maps of various subjects and at different spatial scales were produced. The last of these were drawn after the Third Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1795) and took into account the new political borders.