ENThe aim of the work is to study the history of zemsky court in the Great Lithuanian Principality. The article deals with issues such as causes and predictors of a new-type courts, their competence, the principle of complete, their features. The author seeks to trace the history of zemsky court to review their changes and dynamics, to consider the legal registration and consolidation of a new type of court in the legislation. The main purpose is to determine the location of zemsky court in the new judicial system, show progressive of the new court, its role in strengthening the rights and position of the gentry.