Advokato profesionalumas: apibrėžtis ir ugdymo galimybės (perspektyvos) visuomenės gerovėje
LTDemokratinėje žmogiškųjų išteklių kūrimo strategijoje profesionalumas neatsiejamas nuo kokybiško rezultato siekio. Įvardintas kaip personalo veiklos vienu iš pagrindinių principų, jis tikslingai tampa šiuolaikinės efektyvios veiklos indikatoriumi bet kurioje sferoje. Todėl labai svarbu įvertinti, kaip profesionalumo kategorija konstruojama ir savo turiniu atspindima konkrečioje profesijoje – mūsų tyrimo pavyzdžiu – advokato profesijoje, tarnaujančioje žmogui, visuomenės gerovei. Straipsnyje analizuojamos advokato profesionalumo dimensijos visuomenės gerovės kūrimo kontekste. Analizuojant profesionalumo terminą, akivaizdu, jog jis savo turinio prasme neapribojamas vien tik profesine kvalifikacija ir kompetencija, tačiau apima ir vidinius elgesio, pasaulėžiūros, vertybinius aspektus. Todėl pagrįstai teigiama, jog advokato profesionalumo turinį galėtų sudaryti trys pagrindinės dimensijos: šiam subjektui keliami formalieji kvalifikaciniai reikalavimai, tolimesnis nuolatinis kompetencijos tobulinimas ir vertybinės etinės nuostatos – profesinės etikos aspektai. Šių trijų dimensijų visuma ir sudaro advokato profesionalumo apibrėžtį. Straipsnį sudaro trys tarpusavyje susijusios dalys. Pirmoje dalyje diskutuojamas advokatui keliamų formaliųjų reikalavimų turinys. Antrojoje dalyje analizuojama etinių vertybinių nuostatų svarba advokato veikloje. Trečiojoje dalyje keliamas klausimas, kokie svertai užtikrintų advokato nuolatinį kompetencijos tobulinimą. Visuminis požiūris į advokato profesionalumo komponentus leidžia pateikti siūlymus, kaip ateityje galėtų būti ugdytinas advokato profesionalumas, numatyti ugdymo galimybes (perspektyvas).
ENIn democratic strategy of human resources development the concept of professionalism is inseparable from the endeavor of achieving the high-quality result. It is identified as one of the basic principles of personnel activity and it is deliberately becoming the efficient modern performance indicator in any sphere. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate how the professional category is constructed and reflected according to its content in a particular profession – in case of our research – in lawyer’s profession which serves the society. The article analyzes the dimensions of lawyer’s professionalism. When analyzing the term of professionalism it becomes clear that in terms of its content it is not limited exclusively according to its professional qualification and competence, but also includes inner aspects of behavior, worldview and values. Therefore, it is rightly emphasized that the content of lawyer’s professionalism could consist of three main dimensions: formal qualification requirements raised for this subject, further continuous improvement of competence and ethical value provisions – aspects of professional ethics. Together these three dimensions form the definition of lawyer’s professionalism. The article consists of three interrelated parts. The first part analyzes the first dimension of lawyer’s professionalism – qualification. This part discusses about the content of formal requirements raised for the lawyer. The formal qualification requirements raised for the lawyer are imperatively set in legislation. For a lawyer, as for a judge, higher two-stage or integral legal education (covering both the bachelor and master studies), is mandatory (condition sine qua non) for professional and effective practice of law (both for private legal practice and in public authorities).However, in different periods other requirements for lawyers were amended, e.g. the qualification examination was eliminated from the formal requirements list. However, requirements raised for a lawyer is only a formality in the law, creating the necessary conditions for the basis and development of this profession. The second part analyzes the importance of the ethical moral values of the legal profession. In this dimension one encounters the existing contradictions when unconditionally defending the client's interests and problem of public interest expression, when a lawyer, like every legal worker must be fair and honest. The second dilemma arises in the discourse of shaping the lawyer’s personal characteristics and there is an existing contradiction between targeted competence improvement when one’s professionalism is proven to the customer and existing expressive behavior when one is trying to satisfy customer’s wish by any means. The third part provides insights on the prospects of lawyer’s competence development. Therefore the reasonable question arises what would ensure the continuous lawyer’s competence improvement. The analysis of lawyer’s competence improvement issues showed that there is a lack of a systematic approach to the lawyer’s competence improvement. Although there are conditions allowing the lawyer to develop his competence, its evaluation and control are practically only formal. Moreover, usually people, who had already worked in the other law fields become lawyers, therefore – the attention is drawn to the lack of formation of lawyer’s profession traditions. The overall approach to the components of lawyer’s professionalism allows to suggest how the lawyer’s professionalism could be developed in the future and to provide the perspectives for these development opportunities.
