Asmenų, atliekančių bausmę įkalinimo įstaigoje, aukštojo mokslo studijos kaip socialinės įtraukties didinimo galimybė

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjamos asmenų, atliekančių bausmę Alytaus pataisos namuose, aukštojo mokslo siekimo Alytaus kolegijoje galimybės ir ypatumai. Teorinėje apžvalgoje aptariami moksliniai šaltiniai, kuriuose tyrinėjama švietimo svarba žmogaus, kaip visaverčio visuomenės nario, tapsmui, švietimo reikšmė šalinant socialinę atskirtį. Nagrinėjami norminiai teisės aktai, reglamentuojantys asmenų, atliekančių bausmę įkalinimo įstaigoje, teisę į švietimą. Empirinėje dalyje, apklausus 38 nuteistuosius, esančius laisvės atėmimo vietoje, išsiaiškinti motyvai ir galimybės studijuoti kolegijoje, įvertinant studijoms reikalingas mokymo ir materialines-technines priemones.

ENThe article analyses the opportunities and features of acquiring background education by people who are carrying out the sentence of imprisonment. A person must actively learn and advance all his life in order to ensure his social guarantees, improve his competence in keeping up with progressive technologies, and be ready to work in a changing knowledge, economics and information society. Thus, continuous education and lifelong learning is becoming one of the most important factors of social progress. The provision for lifelong learning and the issues of social inclusion enhancement are highlighted in the public education strategy of the Lithuanian Republic, the Government activity priorities and other legal acts. Considerable attention is also paid to one of the social groups at risk – the convicts, people serving a sentence in prisons. Research shows that education is one of the successful ways of convict re-socialization: it increases the personality self-esteem, fosters the principles and values of a decent member of the society, forms the desire to return to a fully functional social life and labour market through participation in the educational process, and keeps up with the increasingly accelerating pace of society development. Normative legal acts governing the access to education provide that persons serving a sentence of imprisonment have the opportunity to pursue higher education. According to Annual Activity Report 2014 of the Department of Prisons, there were 8636 convicts, serving a sentence of imprisonment, at the end of 2014. At the end of 2014, 1338 prisoners were studying in secondary schools, 1038 convicts – in vocational schools and only 9 – in higher education institutions. The aim of the research was to determine the need for higher education studies at Alytus College by people, serving a sentence of imprisonment in Alytus Correction House, and the feasibility of those studies.The following tasks were set for the purpose: analyse theoretical and legal aspects of convict higher education studies in Lithuania; identify the needs and motives for higher college education by persons serving a sentence of imprisonment; and substantiate teaching and material-technical possibilities for convicts‘ background education. During the research, after the questionnaire survey, it was determined that 38 convicts of Alytus Correction House who are motivated (try to develop as a personality, anticipate that higher education can help improve their employability), evaluate their financial possibilities, plan their life in freedom after imprisonment, are considering the opportunity of studying at Alytus College. About a third of the 38 imprisoned people, who participated in the survey, show strong determination to pursue higher education in this educational institution. The study programmes of Transport and Logistics Business and Business Management have the greatest interest. Alytus College has the opportunity to organize higher education college studies for prisoners: the possibility of distance courses, availability of practical training by using computer programmes, performance simulation models. Unfortunately, the convicts stay in prison and freedom restriction limit the choice of study programmes: the convicts do not have access to the Internet, so, for example, it is impossible to choose the specialities of information technologies. Technical study programmes are not offered as well due to the limitation of practical training. Increasing possibilities of opening up the imprisonment could gradually solve this problem. Essentially, the convicts in Alytus Correction House have conditions (auditoriums, computer rooms) and favourable microclimate to study at Alytus College. It remains to take the first step: to start studies at Alytus College by people imprisoned in Alytus Correction House.