Baltu kopaziņas veidi literatūrā: galveno tendenču apskats

ENIn the current article, literary Baltic studies are methodologically treated as a specific branch of comparative literature, which, on the one hand, deals with regional literary studies and, on the other hand, with studies of Baltic philology. The research aims: 1) to oppose to the attitude of a Hungarian researcher of Baltic studies, Endre Bojtár, disapproving importance of the principle of ethnolinguistic community in comparative literary studies, in comparative analysis of Latvian and Lithuanian literatures in particular; 2) grounding on generalisations of earlier research on literary Baltic studies, to review major trends of manifestations of the Baltic consciousness in literature. The following four trends are reviewed: 1) the theme of common or nearly common history of Baltic peoples and tribes; 2) (ethno)geographical motifs of common or nearly common territory, cross-border territory; 3) the theme of affinity, even unity, of Baltic languages; 4) various other manifestations of the Baltic consciousness in literature, for instance, frequent metaphors of brotherhood, ethnically kindred blood, which mean affinity of Latvian, Lithuanian, ancient Prussian and other Baltic tribes.The most important conclusion of the article states that comparative research on Latvian-Lithuanian literatures not only directly proves significance of the ethnolinguistic component in literary comparative studies but also partly corrects the principles prevailing in traditional imagology dividing the world into “own” and “alien” because it singles out “interim variants”: for instance, in Latvian literature Lithuanian, ancient Prussian world is usually treated as “own” or almost “own”, and Latvian or ancient Prussian world is treated analogously in Lithuanian literature. In this aspect, the article deals with creative works of such writers as Andrejs Pumpurs, Jēkabs Lautenbahs-Jūsmiņš, Rainis, Jānis Jaunsudrabiņš, Marģeris Zariņš, Knuts Skujenieks, Antanas Baranauskas, Kostas Korsakas, Juozas Grušas, Justinas Marcinkevičius, Birutė Baltrušaitytė, Sigitas Geda, Alius Balbierius, Vladas Braziūnas and others.