ENSemantic structures of lexical units identical or similar in form (spelling and/or pronunciation) but different in meaning in English and Lithuanian have been investigated and contrasted with an aim of establishing the level of their systemic equivalence in the two languages. Word pairs have been further classified according to the type of semantic similarity/difference into absolute, partial and nuance-differentiated pseudo-equivalents. The paper deals with a contrastive description and analysis of absolute pseudo-equivalents. Implications of the research for language learning/teaching, bilingual lexicography as well as translation practice are discussed.