"Baltu valodu atlants": par dažām paralēlēm ar reljefu saistītajā leksikā

ENThe present article discusses some lexical and semantic parallels in terrain-related vocabulary to be included in the iAtlas of the Baltic Languagesi. An elevation of terrain is usually denoted by Latvian words kalns, kalniņš and Lithuanian kalnas, kalnelis, as well as derivatives of these words n Latvian pakalns, uzkalns, piekalne and Lithuanian núokalnė, pakalnė; also Latvian kalva (variations: kalve, kalla) and Lithuanian kalvà. In both languages these words refer to a land elevation or a hill, but also a piece of arable land between meadows, an open space in a forest, or a shallow place in the sea. A small hill can also be denoted by the words kaupris, kaupre in Latvian and kaūpras, kaupra in Lithuanian. A hill in a forest or marshland is sometimes denoted by dialectal Latvian ruoza, etymologically related to Lithuanian ruožas, rėžis epatch, stripi. Among the words describing lower, hollow parts of terrain, one can note the parallel between Latvian duobe and Lithuanian duobė, which both mean ea hole in the ground; a gravei. Latvian and Lithuanian dialects show even more lexical and semantic parallels than both respective standard languages do, and they prove the affinity between the world-view and figurative thinking of both nations.