Laivybos ir žvejybos Prūsijos Lietuvoje atspindžiai XVIII a. žodynuose

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Laivyba; Laivybos terminai; Leksikografija; Leksikologija; Prūsijos Lietuva; Rytprūsių Lietuva; Vokiečių-vokiečių kalbų žodynai; 18 amžius; Žvejyba; Žvejybos terminai; 18th century; Fishing; German-Lithuanian dictionaries; Lexicology; Prussian Lithuania; Shipping; Terms of fishing, lexicography; Terms of shipping.

ENThe 18th c. saw the publication of detailed German-Lithuanian dictionaries. Words and phrases are reflections of the daily life of the distant past. The article discusses realia of shipping and fishing of Prussian Lithuania in the manuscript dictionaries by unknown authors and Jacob Brodowski. The 18th c. German-Lithuanian dictionaries under discussion were compiled in a remote forest environment far from the large rivers, lakes, lagoon and the sea. Therefore, the dictionaries do not contain numerous reflections of realia pertaining to large sailing boats, shipbuilding, fishing and shipping. Fishing realia prevail in the dictionaries. Attention is focused on the daily life of the past recorded in words. The linguistic material interpreted by a historian is grouped according to subjects: ships and shipping; fishing; fish; natural environment. The material is employed for revealing a wider cultural, social and historical context.The material of the dictionaries being studied allows one to claim that the Prussian Lithuanian language contained a layer of maritime culture. It can be assumed that what reached the ears of the compilers of the dictionaries was solely a distant echo of the Lithuanian language spoken by the people of the port towns (Königsberg, Piluva, and Klaipėda), their suburbs, and the shores of the Curonian Lagoon, the Nemunas, the Prieglius and the Nogatas. A comparison with later dictionaries which recorded facts of the Prussian Lithuanian language from the Curonian Lagoon, the River Nemunas and the maritime area provided possibilities for further development of research into the layer of maritime culture of the Prussian Lithuanians. [From the publication]