Проблемы реконструкции и употребления этнических музыкальных инструментов в Литве. Часть 2: Процесс установления стандартов ансамблей

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Mokslo publikacijos / Scientific publications
Document Type:
Straipsnis / Article
Language:
Rusų kalba / Russian
Title:
Проблемы реконструкции и употребления этнических музыкальных инструментов в Литве. Часть 2, Процесс установления стандартов ансамблей
Alternative Title:
Problems of reconstruction and using ethnic musical instruments in Lithuania. 2, Estimation of the standard of the ensembles
Subject Category:
Summary / Abstract:

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Akademinė muzika; Ansamblis; Etniniai ir akademiniai instrumentai; Etninė muzika; Liaudies muzikos instrumentų ansambliai; Modifikacija; Standartai; Tobulinimas; Academic music; Ensemble; Ethnic and academic instruments; Ethnic music; Folk musical instrument ensembles; Improvement; Modification; Standards.

ENProcess of reconstruction of the ethnic musical instruments in Lithuania, which began at the end of the 19th century and was continued in the 1900s - 1940s made a possibility to use new models of these instruments to play not only solo, but as well to develop the traditions of folk instrumental performing. According to the new purpose, the ensembles of these instruments were estimated using the model of the ensembles of European classical musical instruments. Thus, ensemble of very popular stringed instrument kanklės in the 1930s was oriented to the classical string quartet, and there were the kanklės-prima, kanklės-seconda, kanklės-viola and kanklės-bass. Later this quartet was modified: viola was changed to the bass, and bass - to the double-bass. The ensemble of skudučiai - multi-pipe whistles in the 1930s ñ consisted of three sections using various number: from 14 to 30 pipes played by six performers. The ensemble of birbynė (reed-pipes) for the first time as the group of newly formed orchestra of Lithuanian folk instruments was found in 1941. It was consisting of six instruments: two sopranos in D, two - in C, alto and bass. In 1950-1956 the quintet of these modified instruments included three sopranos, tenor and double-bass. The orchestra of Lithuanian folk instruments in 1941 united all the ensembles of modified ethnic musical instruments and was directly oriented to the constitution of the classical symphony orchestra. The wind instruments were two lumzdeliai, flutes, six birbynės, skudučiai (six parts), four daudytės (trumpets), string instruments (quartet of the kanklės) and the drums (kelmas and skrabalai).Orientation of the new formed folk instruments ensembles to the constitution of the ensembles of the classical musical instruments was inspired by the movement of revealing ethnic music and musical instruments and the efforts of the leaders of this movement to integrate Lithuanian folk culture into European cultural process. The data of the interviews of 2011-2013 where the respondents were leaders and participants of the movement of the ethnic music - shows that, according to theirs opinion, the ensembles of the modified ethnic musical instruments, which perform the repertoire based on Lithuanian folk music, are the participants of the movement revealing ethnic music in Lithuania. Comparative data of these processes in the neighbouring nations give the chance for the conclusion that standards of the modified ethnic musical instruments, like the ensembles in Lithuania, were estimated only in the countries where the folk song or dance ensembles or the folk instrument orchestras were found. [From the publication]

ISSN:
1691-6034
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https://www.lituanistika.lt/content/67826
Updated:
2020-03-12 15:38:03
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