Акустические параметры палатализации

• Akustiniai palatalizacijos / veliarizacijos parametrai rusų kalbos sprogstamųjų priebalsių [t] ir [t’] lietuvių tartyje
• Acoustic parameters of palatalisation and velarisation of the Russian stops [t’] and [t] in the pronunciation of Lithuanians

LTReikšminiai žodžiai: Kietumo formantė; Minkštumo formantė; Palatalizacija; Priebalsio sprogimo fazė; Sprogstamieji priebalsiai; Veliarizacija; Blastinf phase of consonant; Blasting phase of the consonant; Formant; Hardness; Hardness formant; Palatalisation; Softness formant; Stops; Velarisation.

ENThe main aim of this article is to describe different features of hardness-softness of Lithuanian and Russian consonants. Phonetic aspects of these features were compared to acoustic correlates of palatalisation and velarisation of Russian and Lithuanian consonants. In addition, these aspects were compared to the spectral characteristics of the blasting phase of the Lithuanian and Russian stops [t’] and [t]. Spectral analysis of the blasting phase of the Russian stops [t] and [t’] which were pronounced by Lithuanian speakers (having in mind the interaction between the systems of the native and the studied language) has shown deviations from the norms of modern Russian language. There is a significant difference in the distribution of weaker and stronger rates at the blast level in the spectrum of the Russian consonants pronounced in the normative Russian language (in the most cases, in the spectrum of hard consonants, the rates are stronger on the level of the hardness formant – from 1000 Hz to 2000 Hz, and on the level of the softness formant the rates are being weaker – from 2000 Hz to 3000 Hz; in the spectrum of soft consonants – visa versa, rates are being stronger from 2000 Hz to 3000 Hz and weaker from 1000 Hz to 2000 Hz). In the spectrums of the Russian stops [t] and [t’], in the position before all the vowels but [a] and pronounced by the Lithuanian speakers, typically stronger rates are located on the level of both hardness and weakness formants. This means that hard and soft consonants have no difference. Spectrums of hard and soft consonants contain acoustic features of palatalisation and velarisation. Spectrums of the Russian hard [t] and soft [t’] consonants pronounced by Lithuanian speakers differ by localization of stronger rates on the level of the softness formant.The position of stronger rates on the level of the softness formant in the blasting phase spectrum of the soft [t’] depends on the quality of the following vowel: there is an absence of palatalisation features in the spectrum of the consonant [t’] which is in the position before the vowel [a] (mostly the rates are not getting stronger on the level of the softness formant); in the syllables [t’i] – [tы] palatalisation is more vivid in the spectrum of the hard consonant (in the spectrum of the hard consonant, stronger rates are noted on the higher level than in the spectrum of the soft consonant); in the spectrums of the soft consonant (in the syllables with vowels [e], [o], [u]), palatalisation is more vivid (in the spectrum of the soft consonant, stronger rates are noted on higher level than in the spectrum of the hard consonant). [From the publication]