Medicininio racionalumo istorija kaip archeologija

ENThe article discusses the basic principles and concepts of the archeological method offered by Michel Foucault; significant differences between archeology and the history of ideas with emphasis on distinct standpoints of the role of continuity/discontinuity in the modern historic practice; the relation between archeology and science and their place in the hierarchy of the levels of knowledge founded by Foucault. The mutation in forms of medical perception and knowledge from classificatory medicine to anatomo-clinical medicine, which occurred at the end of the eighteenth century and was based on the transformation in the conception of death within medical thought from a limit or threat to the source of knowledge is under consideration. Foucault’s conception of the significance of medicine to the formation of the human sciences, which is closely connected with the constitution of man as an object of positive knowledge was revealed. A connection between the birth of the modern clinic and changes in medical education of that time is shown. Key words: archeology, the history of ideas, knowledge, science, medical expierence, medical perception, classificatory medicine, anatomo-clinical medicine, medical education.