Cudzoziemcy w zarządzie dóbr Bogusława Radziwiłła
ENThe article is devoted to little known issues of private administration in the estates of Bogusław Radziwiłł (1620-1669) and foreigners employed there. Among office workers there were newcomers from Kurland, Livonia, Ducal Prussia, and Western Europe - refugees, war veterans, active duty soldiers, townsmen from Königsberg seeking investments, mercenaries who got richer during war. The prince, when recruiting the workers, was guided by their time flexibility and their knowledge of administrative matters. He wanted to modernise the estates that were to become efficient enterprises yielding a large profit. The author presents problems related to the identification of the ethnic origins of employees. He also describes several of the foreigners who had the largest share in the administration (for istance, Krzysztof Winkler, Karol Karlick von Nezetiz, Johann Caspari). Many of the newcomers permanently affiliated themselves with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and over time their descendants assimilated into the society of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
