ENIn the article Lithuanian historians’ scientific input into philosophy lectured in SBU in Vilnius was researched. In reference to philosophical life’s organizational problems and teaching of philosophy Tadeusz Czeżowski scientific, didactic and organizational activity' in Vilnius and SBU role of students circle of philosophy organizing philosophical environment’s intellectual work were analyzed. A summarized Henryk Elzenberg’s description of axiology was presented. The concept of essence and functioning modes of good and evil in civizations (cultures) with reference to eminent works of Vilnius humanists (Feliks Koneczny. Marian Zdziechovsky and Henryk Elzenberg) was explained; also by Feliks Koneczny raised question of language role forming civilizations and separate cultures of nations was exhibited. A question of introduction into philophy problems of separate sciences was analyzed: whether a center was operating in SBU, whether a school of law of philosophy was being formed in it. Bibliography of every Vilnius philosopher's separate spheres of philosophy was comprised. Keywords: Polish philosophy, departament of philosophy, circle of philosophy, perfection value, theory' of comparative civilizations, theory of pessimism, moral dogmatism. Christian heroism, quincunx, factor of nation’s creation, philosophy of law, sciences of philosophy.