Hemar, Buczkowski, Miłosz - trzy spojrzenia na Kresy

ENThe aim of the analysis is to present a picture of Kresy (the term Kresy relates to a land adjacent to what Poles consider the historical eastern frontier of their country - today’s western territories of Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania) in poems and songs (devoted mainly to Lviv) by Marian Hemar, in Wertepy (The rough terrain) by Leopold Buczkowski with its plot in Upper Podolia and finally in Dolina Issy (The Issa Valley) by Czeslaw Milosz showing Lithuanian Republic and in Dykcyonarz wileńskich ulic (The dictionary of the streets of Vilnius) by the same author. Descriptions presented in the abovementioned works create a topographical and ethnographic as well as religious and cultural panorama of the Eastern frontier adjacent land of the Second Polish Republic. Language forms used in some parts of those works for stylization-related purposes belong to the most typical features of regional Polish of that time. The picture of Kresy created by Hemar is idealistic, whereas Buczkowski presents a realistic and naturalistic picture of his homeland, while Czeslaw Milosz presents Vilnius in a realistic and critical way and shows the whole ethnographic and mythological complexity of the Kowno Province.