Muzikinių spektaklių scenografijos principai XIX a. Lietuvos teatre

LTStraipsnyje apžvelgiami XIX a. Lietuvoje statytų muzikinių spektaklių apipavidalinimo principai. Kadangi šiuo laikotarpiu teatrinis gyvenimas telkėsi Vilniuje, daugiausia dėmesio skiriama Vilniaus miesto teatre sukurtų spektaklių vaizdiniams pavidalams - dekoracijoms ir kostiumams. Remiantis negausia ikonografine medžiaga ir rašytiniais šaltiniais, siekiama išskirti galimus scenografijos modelius, susijusius su šio laikotarpio dailės stiliais - neoklasicizmu, romantizmu, realizmu - bei jų transformacijomis, daugiau dėmesio skiriant minimu metu kūrusiems teatro dailininkams - Antoniui Smuglewicziui, Janui Rustemui, Wincenty Dmochowskim, Aleksanderiui Władyslawui Straussui, Albertui Žamettui, taip pat XIX a. paskutiniaisiais dešimtmečiais Vilniuje dirbusiems rusų dailininkams. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Baletas; Dekoracija; Kostiumas; Opera; Operetė; Romantizmas; Scenografija; Ballet; Costume; Opera; Operetta; Romanticism; Romantiticism; Scenery; Set design; Stage design.

ENIn 19th century Lithuania theatre arts were concentrated in Vilnius. The City Theatre presented plays in several venues that were adapted for performances, and the first buildings designed specifically for theatre were built at the turn of the 20th century. In the 19th century musical theatre encompassed the familiar traditional genres of opera, ballet and operetta. However, music was also used in drama productions and was often an important part of the performance. This article examines the principles of constructing the visual elements of musical performances, including stylistic considerations regarding performance space, stage sets, and costumes. Based on sparse pictorial material, archival sources and performance reviews, there is an effort to evaluate the dynamics of visual formation and reception, the principles of stage design, and to compare this with the general state of visual culture in Lithuania; also to highlight the most important reflections of European stylistic tendencies - neoclassicism, romanticism and realism in the visual systems of the productions. The article also reviews the work of individual Lithuanian artists who created stage sets - Antoni Smuglewicz, Jan Rustem, Józef Hilary Głowacki, Wincenty Dmochowski, Albert Žamett, Alexander Strauss, as well as the stage sets of Russian theatre troupes on tour in Vilnius during the second half of the 19th century. [From the publication]