ENThe article discusses the process of land consolidation which was carried out in the Wilno Voivodeship in 1921–39. The author of the article points out that the local peasants experienced poverty due to scattered land parcels and lack of land. This was the reason why the Polish government implemented an agricultural reform, one of whose most important elements was land consolidation. The farmers who had to move home were given low-interest government loans. The land consolidation that was carried out in the Wilno Voivodeship led to the improvement of the quality and efficiency of farming.