Povandeninio archeologinio paveldo vidaus vandenyse paieškų ir tyrimų metodai Lietuvoje

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjami povandeninės archeologijos objektų paieškų ir tyrimų metodai, taikomi Lietuvoje. Trumpai aptariama povandeninės archeologijos vidaus vandenyse pradžia ir raida. Plačiau nagrinėjami Lietuvoje ežerų gyvenviečių tyrimams taikomi povandeninės archeologijos metodai, aptariamos pagrindinės povandeninių paieškų kryptys, problematika ir ateities gairės. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Archeologija; Archeologiniai radiniai; Metodologija; Povandeninė archeologija; Povandeninė archeologija, mokslo istorija, metodologija, ežerų gyvenvietės; Archaeological finds; Archaeology; Methodology; Underwater archaeology; Underwater archaeology, history of science, methodology, lake-dwellings.

ENUnderwater archaeology has the same goals, even though its environment and techniques differ from those of terrestrial archaeology. The term "underwater archaeology" refers to the environment in which the practice of archaeology is undertaken. The underwater environment can preserve complex associations of cultural material in a better condition than they may be preserved on a terrestrial archaeological site. In Lithuania, the first underwater exploration using the scuba diving was attempted only in 1956. The explorations were unsuccessful, and for this reason such dives were suspended. The first successful underwater investigation was undertaken by a group led by the archaeologist V. Žulkus in Lake Plateliai (Plungė distr.) in 1987. In this lake, the remains of a bridge and a logboat were discovered. At present, we can distinguish several groups of underwater archaeological material to which the methods of underwater archaeological study need to be applied in Lithuania (bridges, dwelling places, burial places, offerings, treasures, vessels, harbors, jetty, fishing equipment).Investigations of the Lake Luokesa dwellings is an example of the application of new interdisciplinary methods as the outdoor investigations were carried out by the methods of underwater archaeology. These were the first exhaustive investigations of such type, applied to such objects in the territory of Lithuania. Underwater archaeological methods (survey, recording, sampling strategy) successfully applied for the exploration of these lake-dwellings have brought efficient results. The field of underwater archaeology and its various aspects can make a good contribution not only to our understanding of humanity’s interaction with water and the maritime environment, but also to our basic understanding of human prehistory and history. [From the publication]