Istorizmo problema Pranciškaus Smuglevičiaus kūryboje

ENThe article deals with a very rare theme in the Lithuanian art critisism - the change of principles of representation of the past in the 18th c. and reflection of them in the creation of Pranciškus Smuglevičius, the most prominent painter of that time. After stating that in Smuglevičius as an artist’s of transitional period creation we can clearly devide some iconographical trends in art which have influenced on the historical theme. In the article are presented short characteristics of all those trends. The antiquity became a stipulating standard on historical understanding of those days, so the artist was capable to be not only as an adept looking for an ideal, but also as an archaeologist, reconstructor. His aim was the same while creating the sceens from the history of the old Lithuanian-Polish state, but having not enough support on the archaeological and iconographical material he got off the point to the idealization of the past and lost the historical truth, showing his own and his supporters patriotic intentions. In the recreated historical momens of Christianity, especially which were connected with the native country’s past, he linked to the actualization, very well split in the new times art. So the fixed elements of different epochs’ actors or material culture are very important for the discussing of Smuglevičius’ historicism as the same his creative works from the old Lithuanian-Polish history.So we see how from this creation are growing the works in the end of Smuglevičius’ life - illustration of the actual history of the state - the events of T. Kosciuška’s uprising in 1794. The tragic sudden break for the State’s fate, so distinctly seen in Smuglevičius’ creative works predetermines further development of the Lithuanian historical painting and opens the door to the seek after the new ways in the 19th c. Then, overlooking the Smuglevičius’ painting through the aspect of historicism we can clearly see the creation of one person in which reflected the ideas of some artistic epochs and how more or less after the generation of various influences was put the base of national art school.