Atstovavimo asimetrijos ir verslo skvarba viešojoje politikoje: Klaipėdos miesto savivaldybė

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjamos viešosios valdžios įgyvendinimo galimybės vietos valdyme. Kadangi viešoji valdžia suponuoja aktyvų piliečių įsitraukimą į valdymo organizavimą, tyrimui pasirinktas vienas iš pagrindinių įsitraukimo aspektų - atstovavimas. Straipsnio autoriai laikosi nuostatos, kad pasyvus atstovavimas yra linkęs virsti aktyviu, ir tai gali tapti neigiama tendencija, jei atstovaujamoji struktūra nėra pakankamai simetriška visuomeninei struktūrai. Kaip itin mažai tyrinėta sritis, tyrimo objektu pasirinkta Klaipėdos miesto savivaldybės taiybos narių socialinė priklausomybė ir jos atitiktis miesto socialinei stnikturai. Kadangi atstovavimas apima labai plačią tematiką, straipsnyje jis yra dalijamas į keturis pagrindinius struktūrinius komponentus: lyčių, tautybių, amžiaus grupių ir užimtumo atstovavimą. Tyrimas patvirtino prielaidą, kad dažniausiai aktyvia visuomenės grupe tampa verslo sektorius, kuris stengiasi išnaudoti visiems piliečiams sukurtus demokratinius dalyvavimo viešojoje valdžioje kanalus. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Viešoji valdžia vietos savivalda; Atstovavimas; Skirtingumo poveikis; Public governance; Local self-government; Representation; Diversity effect.

ENThe article deals with the problem of representation in the area of local public policy. Representation is a crucial element of any democratic society. The democratic society should be reflected as sharp as possible in the representative institutions. Otherwise, if the reflection of society's structure is distorted, there will be a great danger to fall into the asymmetry of democracy. Contemporary public administration extended the traditionally political notion of representation into the area of bureaucracy. The distinction between the passive and the active representation was developed. Despite that there is no consensuses of whether the passive representation always leads to the active one, the authors of the article keep a premise that most often the passive representation leads to the active one, but it may become a negative point if the passive representation is not the sharp one. While the local council is considered as a subject of public administration in Lithuania, the authors of the article choose to research how sharp the local council of Klaipėda represents the community of the city. The problem is relevant because the contemporary public policy is increasingly oriented towards the notion of public governance. Applvin» the casestudy method and analytical statistics, article analyzes the last four elections to the local council of Klaipėda. Due to the wide scope of the topic, the object of the research is divided into the four main structural components: representation of gender, nationality, age-group, and occupation. Additionally, the diversity effect is calculated applying the Blau index. The research proved that the passive representation in the local council is not the sharp one. Among all, the distinct domination of only two - business and education - occupational groups revealed that there are negative tendencies in the development of local democracy.Two of them are of the greatest menace: 1) prevailing of business leaders might lead to the market relationships in the processes of solving social problems 2) governing may become available only for the privileged closed stratas what jeopardize the fading of democracy. Knowing that passive representation may lead to the active one, it is possible to envisage the predominance of the certain interests' implementation what leads to the so called asymmetry of democracy. [From the publication]