Socialinių grupių imlumas gandams: įtakos veiksniai ir tendencijos
LTTarpasmeninio bendravimo metu perteikta neoficiali informacija sudaro palankią terpę įvairiems gandams tarpti. Gandai tampa svarbiu instrumentu, kuriuo noriai naudojasi suinteresuotieji, jų grupės ir pavieniai asmenys, siekdami savų tikslų įgyvendinimo. Vis svarbesnę vietą jie užima žiniasklaidoje, taip pat ir individų tarpasmeninio bendravimo erdvėje. Straipsnyje nagrinėjamas gandų, kaip neformalios komunikacijos formos, fenomenas. Aptariami imlumo gandams tipai ir juos sąlygojantys veiksniai. Remiantis atlikto žvalgomojo tyrimo duomenimis, įvardijami socialinių grupių (jaunimo, verslininkų, inteligentų ir pensininkų) imlumo gandams ypatumai ir tendencijos. Atskleidžiama imlumo gandams priklausomybė nuo individo socialinių edukacinių parametrų ir informacijos gavimo kanalų.
ENArticle shows that receptivity of different social groups for rumours are different despite their penetration. There are two main types of receptivity. First, receptivity as ability to temporarily receive some information till it meets the requirements of an individual. Such receptivity is typical of pragmatic people who view a rumour as a measure to reach ones own goal. Therefore they do not demonstrate great affection to a rumour and quickly forget it or place it by another rumour which is able to meet their requirements better. Second, receptivity as ability to saturate with information: not only be "spacious" for rumours but also to pass them on to other. In other words a person becomes an active participant of rumour creation. Both above mentioned types (temporary recipient and saturated) of receptivity in such a pure form do not exist in reality. Usually we meet people having at the same time both types of receptivity. The susceptibility of individuals and social groups to rumours differs. There are two main types of susceptibility. Firstly, the susceptibility as the ability to receive certain information temporarily as long as it satisfies the best interests of an individual and there isn't a better alternative.This susceptibility is characteristic of pragmatic people who regard a rumour as the means of achieving their goal. So they are not very attached to it and are ready to forget it or change it to the one that could better satisfy their needs. Secondly, the susceptibility to be filled with information as well as the ability to spread it diligently, i.e. become an active participant in the process of rumour creation. The mentioned types are not pure in reality. We usually meet people susceptible to both intermingled types. The susceptibility of rumours is influenced by the double-natured factors. Subjective factors: age, education, psychological characteristics of a person, living place (town/village), social and cultutal environment, property situation (state), the degree of the trust in official information sources, etc. Objective factors: firstly, the increase of facts and phenomena that modern science can hardly explain. They form favourable conditions for rumours, which explain the origin of those phenomena, their evolution and possible consequences for mankind, to flourish and spread in different layers of society. On the other hand, despite publicity, state institutions and private structures make more decisions which are not publicly explained due to different economic, political, social, competitive and other reasons. [...].
