Jurisdikcija ratione personae tarptautiniame investicijų arbitraže – teisėtas veiklos planavimas ar piktnaudžiavimas teise?

LTStraipsnyje analizuojama juridinio asmens pilietybė tarptautiniame investicijų arbitraže ir su ja susijusi problematika. Juridinio asmens pilietybė tarptautiniame investicijų arbitraže yra vienas iš svarbiausių aspektų nustatant arbitražo tribunolo jurisdikciją. Tačiau straipsnyje nurodoma, kad susiduriama su piktnaudžiavimo juridinio asmens pilietybės problema.

ENCorporate nationality in investment arbitration was and still is an area of much debate. The vastnet of international investment agreements (IIA’s) had enabled investors to structure and take advantage of the specific IIA’s, which secure their objectives in the host country, by using shell or so called “mail box companies”. This process can also be defined as “treaty shopping.” However, such practice had brought a lot of controversy and conflicting views in academic and business society. Therefore, the main question that must be analyzed is whether the use of corporate nationality is actually an abuse of right, or, conversely, it is legitimate for international investors to structure their investments in the way that is most suitable for their goals. Much of the answer or the latter question rests on the way of interpretation of the investment agreement. Accordingly, the interpretation methods of the IIA’s should be analyzed, taking into account the standing and context of general international law in foreign investment disputes. In addition, the ways for the host countries to defend from the increasing number of arbitration requests and “treaty shopping” practice must be identified in order to shift investment arbitration back to its original tracks and purpose – encouragement of the international investment.