Sovietizacijos poveikio ekonominei, demografinei, politinei Lietuvos raidai tyrimas užsienio mokslinėje literatūroje

ENThe present survey is based on the scientific literature of western and Lithuanian emigration authors published in the 1960s through 1990s. The authors note that the large-scale industrialization of Lithuania, was launched in the 1950s with the emphasis on heavy industry for which both the sources of raw materials and the markets were absent in the republic These developments also greatly increased Lithuania’s dependence on energy imported from the Soviet Union and had profound consequences for its economy. The authors comment on the success of Lithuanian planners and managers in the period of the economic decentralization (1957-1963) whose policy of dispersal of major industrial enterprises throughout the country was effective in employing the surplus local labour resources. The effects of collectivization on agriculture were so disastrous that the pre-war production level was only reached in the late 1960s. In subsequent years a gradual improvement was observed, but the authors remark that although the Baltic agriculture was considered the most successful in the Soviet Union, by western standards it was far from efficient and productive and suffered from numerous characteristically Soviet problems.In appraising the demographic development the authors note that owing to a higher natural increase of the population and lower rates of immigration from the Soviet Union Lithuania succeeded in maintaining a more or less normal proportion of indigenous population although in the last years of Soviet rule the situation was changing for the worse and was causing serious concern. In political life the Communist Party of Lithuania, being a subdivision of the CPSU, had no say in the matters of the country and merely served as an instrument of Soviet rule. Here as well, some efforts on the part of the communist elite of the republic at defending national interests, as well as a relatively low percentage of indigenous population in the party have been observed by the investigators.