Regioninės atliekų tvarkymo sistemos įgyvendinimo problemos
LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjamos regioninė atliekų tvarkymo sistema, identifikuojamos jos įgyvendinimo pagrindinės problemos. Remiantis konkrečiu Klaipėdos pavyzdžiu nagrinėjamos regioninio atliekų tvarkymo centro funkcijos, nagrinėjamos privataus verslo panaudojimo galimybės, vietinės rinkliavos ui komunalines atliekas metodika, antrinių žaliavų numatytos užduotys ir jų įvykdymo galimybės. Naudoti metodai: mokslinės literatūros ir įstatyminės bazės apibendrinimas, statistinių duomenų analizė ir sintezė, abstrahavimas, palyginimas.
ENThe main problem - insufficient scientists' attention towards newly created regional system of treatment of waste, its implementation and efficiency. We think that our point of view, in the identification of the main problems of implementation of new system, will be interesting not only for waste keepers, but also for residents of the country. Aim of paper - to evaluate regional system of treatment of waste, to forecast possible problems of implementation, means of increase of efficiency of activity. While analysing the creation of regional systems of treatment of waste in Lithuania, it has been noticed, that reason of rise of these monopolies - exceptional rights. Country, providing to the regional centres if treatment of waste the status of exclusive manager, created obstacles for other companies to enter this market, restricted possibilities of municipalities to choose managers of waste. Regional centre of treatment of waste does not only the functions of service provider, but also the functions of service organizer (customer), functions of organization, which controls and administers this system, what necessarily will increase costs of provision of service. Municipality and Regional centres of treatment of public waste, establishing system of treatment of waste, do not use enough possibilities of private business, limit competition in this market; do not increase working productivity and efficiency. While determining the rate of local levy it is not considered the fact, that after the change of system of treatment of waste, also changes structure of cost, therefore calculations are inaccurate, where there is reference to the costs of system of treatment of waste, which existed in the past.Costs of levy administration are included into the costs of deposition of waste in dump; maintenance costs of centre of waste receiving, expenses of closed dump maintenance, and expenses of information and education of society, costs of maintenance of ground of composting are included also. After the implementation of new regional system of treatment of waste, price for management of waste will increase. There is no mechanism of calculation of local levy, which would encourage residents to sort waste. Methods of levy calculation, which are offered by Klaipeda region and the Ministry of Environment are quite complex and therefore we recommend to divide levy for treatment of public waste into few parts. Neither municipalities, nor regional centres of treatment of waste are not liable to explain to residents and other waste holders about new system of treatment of waste, order and importance of collection of indirect materials. Since residents do not know and do not see the benefit of collection and use of indirect materials, it can be stated, that they will not collect them. Although it is forecasted, that tasks of collection of indirect materials in Klaipeda region will be implemented already in 2010, these forecasts could be called optimistic ones. Companies, which keep waste and which already operate, could help to implement strict tasks of European Union of treatment of waste in Lithuania. Despite mentioned problems new system of treatment of waste is assessed positively.
