Valstybės skolos ir biudžeto deficito tarpusavio sąveika

LTValstybės skolinimasis nedaro žalos ekonomikai, jeigu optimaliai naudojamasi skolos galimybėmis. Svarbu žinoti, koks fiskalinio deficito lygis priimtinas šaliai, kaip jis turėtų būti valdomas esant tam tikrai ekonominei situacijai. Pasirenkant kriterijus priimtinam biudžeto deficito lygiui nustatyti, būtina atsižvelgti į galimybę jais naudotis - atlikti analizę, prognozavimą. Šiame straipsnyje analizuojami matematiniai modeliai, kuriais remiantis kiekviena šalis, taip pat ir Lietuva, gali valdyti valstybės skolinimąsi ir neviršyti nustatyto (metų pradžioje patvirtinto) valstybės biudžeto deficito.

ENThe functioning of the state debt system is an integral part in financial activities today. Increase in the state debt would not cause any special problems theoretically because the economic development and rise of revenue would promote in maintaining and/or indemnifying the state debt The state's borrowing makes no damage for economics if there is an optimal usage of its opportunities. It is important to know what deficit level is acceptable for the country, the way of its management in a certain economic situation. In choosing the criteria for setting acceptable budget deficit level it is necessary to take into account the opportunity of their application when providing analysis, forecasting and lacking some fiscal data. That is very important at the practical point of view because sometimes it is complicated to evaluate most macro economic indices. The fact what percentage of GDP (in gross domestic product) makes fiscal state budget deficit is not so important as its acceptability for a specific country. In order to determine what borrowing may be suitable for the country mathematical modules are to be used in support. One of the most significant subordinations is interrelation of the state budget deficit and the state debt. In order to maintain certain requirements of the state debt and GDP ratio, i.e., to define the debt acceptability, the suitable budget deficit may be estimated. There is analysed the interrelation of the state debt and budget deficit in the article. The article illustrates the way of budget deficit and the state debt maintenance within the determined limits and the application of more drastic measures - in case they are exceeded.