Žmogus v. valstybę (?) (Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijai 10 metų)

LTStraipsnyje analizuojama Lietuvos viešojo administravimo sistema. Daugiausia dėmesio skiriama ikiteisminių ginčų nagrinėjimo institucijoms - Mokestinių ginčų ir Vyriausiajai administracinių ginčų nagrinėjimo komisijoms. Straipsnio autoriai, remdamiesi Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucijos nuostata, kad valdžios įstaigos tarnauja žmogui, siūlo atitinkamai pakeisti šių komisijų formavimo tvarką, kompetenciją ir sprendimų privalomumą.

ENAdoption of Lithuanian Constitution of 1992 was basis for constructing a new system of relationship between the Government and a person, where "Government Serves for people" (art. 5 of the Constitution), but not vice versus. In the same time it was a background for development of democratic system of public administration. An important event in this sphere was an establishment of institution of Ombudsmen in Lithuania (in 1995), which can examine petitions, concerning bureaucracy and abuse of public power. Later on (1998-1999) it was decided to establish pre-judicial institutions (Mokestinių ginčų nagrinėjimo komisija and Administracinių ginčų nagrinėjimo komisija), which could annul unlegal acts of public power. But the main problem in the process of the reform of public administration was that neither legal science, nor politicians do not have a coherent concept of this reform. Because of this system was started to be created as "system ad hoc" and now it functions as not efficient and very expensive (the competence of Ombudsmen, pre-judicial commissions and Petition commissions is sometimes very similar) and people do not know how better to protect their rights.Authors of this article try to convince legal and political community to change the competence of pre-judicial commissions in order better to protect infringed (by public power) rights of persons: to change the appointment system of members of these commissions in the way that could guarantee their independence from executive power; persons, whose rights are infringed by executive need to have a choice of appeal: whether to pre-judicial commission or directly to court; jurisdiction of these commissions needs to cover petitions, concerning acts of all kinds of public institutions; pre-judicial commissions need to be established in the regions and municipalities; decisions of these commissions have not to be challenged by public power in the courts. The right to question these decisions can have only persons, whose rights are infringed by public power.