Vaikų baimės jų pačių ir jų tėvų vertinimu

LTVaikų baimės yra dažna problema ikimokykliniame amžiuje, nes tai – savito mąstymo amžius, kai pažinimo ir savisaugos poreikiai labai stiprūs, o gyvenimiškos patirties beveik nėra. Šiame straipsnyje, norint suprasti vaiko emocinės būsenos ypatumus, kas jiems sukelia baimę, išanalizuoti sutrikusio regėjimo vaikų ir jų tėvų baimės sampratos skirtumai. Tyrime dalyvavo 158 vaikai ir 156 jų tėvai. Tėvų anketas užpildyti turėjo galimybę mamos, tėčiai, mamos ir tėčiai kartu bei globėjai. Vaikų baimėms ištirti buvo naudojama darbo autorių modifikuotas A. Zacharovo klausimynas. Siekiant išsiaiškinti tėvų sampratą apie vaikų baimes, buvo sudarytas struktūrizuotas interviu tėvams raštu. Tyrimas atskleidė, kad vaikų ir tėvų baimių samprata skiriasi. Taip pat pastebėta, kad vaikai patiria didesnį baimių skaičių nei mano tėvai.

ENChildren's fears are a common problem in the pre-school age. Disturbance of visual perception determines the cognitive and emotional development peculiarities of a child with sight disorders, and that can influence particularities of fears experienced by visually disturbed children. In order to understand child's emotional peculiarities, what causes fear, we decided to analyse fear's conception differences between visually disturbed children and their parents in this article. Research aim is to analyse and compare differences in fear conception of visually disturbed children and their parents. For the study of children's fears a questionnaire modified by the research author and prepared following the A. Zacharov's questionnaire has been used. Parents' questionnaires could be filled by mothers, fathers, mothers and fathers together and foster-parents. In order to find out parents' conception about children fears, a written structural interview was created for parents. 158 children with sight disorders were investigated: 82 pre-schoolers, aged 5-7 years, attending a kindergarten, and 76 schoolchildren, aged 7-11 years and 156 their parents. Analysis of the research data indicates that in the selected group of children with sight disorders mostly girls (14.9%) speak about twelve fears, whereas boys (19.3%) name only five. Visually disturbed children are afraid of beasts 72.2%, ghosts and other supernatural creatures 50.6%, are scared to stay alone in the darkness 42.6%, fear illness and pain 45.6%, to die 73.4%, to get lost in the forest 70.3%, thunder and hurricane 60.1%, fire and conflagration 63.3%. ].While testing hypothesis that conception of fear is different between children and their parents, we compared opinions of children and their parents about children fears. Statistically significant disagreements (p<0,05) were found when observing boys and their parents' opinions about fears. Boys more then their parents are afraid of dying, beasts, fire, conflagration, getting lost in the forest, thunder, lightning. It is interesting to notice that parents more usually think that their sons are afraid of staying at home alone than the boys express this fear themselves. When comparing girls and their parents' opinion of fears statistically significant disagreements (p<0,05) were found: girls more then their parents are afraid of dying, fire, getting lost in the forest, dragons, demons, witches; tendency of parents and girls opinions' disagreement of bugbear fear is observed. Average number medium of spoken child's fears and their parents spoken fears number medium statistically significantly differs. The biggest difference of fear number medium is among 7-11 years old boys and their parents and 5-7 years old girls and their parents as well as 7-11 years old girls and their parents (p<0,05). Conclusions: Fear understanding differs among parents and their children. Average number medium of spoken child's fears and their parents spoken fears number medium statistically significantly differs.