Lenkų ir lietuvių kalbų lyginamosios morfologijos bandymai (morfologinės samplaikos)

LTSamplaikos vartojamos labai dažnai, todėl reikia žinoti, kaip jas išversti. Tačiau dvikalbiuose (ir vienakalbiuose) žodynuose nelengva rasti samplaikų ir jų atitikmenų. Iš anotuoto lietuvių kalbos tekstyno analizei pasirinktos 336 lietuvių kalbos morfologinės samplaikos, kurioms buvo rasti lenkų kalbos atitikmenys. Straipsnyje pateikta analizuotų lenkų kalbos atitikmenų morfologinė ir struktūrinė klasifikacija. Taip pat aptariamos lietuvių kalbos morfologinių samplaikų neišverčiamumo ir atitikmenų parinkimo problemos.

ENA multiword unit is a lexical level, which is constantly used in the Lithuanian language, as well as In other languages. However, it has not been examined in detail yet. These permanent compounds are described by the Lithuanian linguists as 'double words' or 'stiffed longer combinations' constructed of inflected and uninfected parts of speech, which make a semantically and syntactically irresolvable unit, for instance, bet kur, vis dar, vien tik, etc. The object of the research is multiword units. The aim of the paper is to compare Polish and Lithuanian multiword units by using various sources. The objectives of the paper are the following: to find Polish equivalents for 336 Lithuanian multiword units, selected from The Morphologically Annotated Lithuanian Corpus; to analyze the problems which appeared while looking for equivalents; to describe the way of using multiword units in the Polish language; to present different opinions of Polish and Lithuanian linguists about multiword units; to classify Polish equivalents according to the parts of speech and combinability. While writing the paper, it was observed that the establishment and selection of the corresponding Polish equivalents is problematic.The problem was also related to the translatability of the specific examples because some of the multiword units are not translatable literally. In some cases, different Lithuanian multiword units had the same Polish equivalent. The Polish equivalents are divided: structural division of equivalents is not equal (they are translated by the one-stem-word, by the compound word or by the combination of two, three or even four words). Morphologically, the equivalents are divided into ten groups according to the parts of speech. The research shows that it is difficult to compare Polish and Lithuanian multiword units, but also it is difficult to find, classify and finally to entitle specific equivalents. In the Polish language, the term for multiword units has not been found, therefore the term irresolvable morphological units are proposed.