Eucharistijos bičiulių sąjūdžio ištakos ir raida 1969-1973 m.

LTStraipsnyje aptariamas pirmasis Eucharistijos bičiulių sąjūdžio (toliau - EBS arba EB) raidos etapas (1969-1973 m.): daugiausia remdamasis pokalbiais su EB autorius išryškina sąjūdžio atsiradimo prielaidas ir aplinkybes, organizacinės struktūros bruožus, jos kaitos priežastis bei eigą, analizuoja EBS grupelių kūrimosi dinamiką, sąlygas, plitimo atskiruose regionuose ypatumus. EBS pavyzdžiu atskleidžiamas kunigų, vienuolių ir pasauliečių sąveikos mechanizmas XX a. septintojo - aštuntojo dešimtmečių sandūros katalikiškojo pasipriešinimo judėjime (katalikiškajame opoziciniame sąjūdyje), nušviečiamas pradinis (1966-1969 m.) tikinčiųjų būrimosi laikotarpis. Remiantis naujais šaltiniais mėginta įvertinti Lietuvos dvasininkijos laikyseną Vatikano II Susirinkimo atžvilgiu. Kadangi Susirinkimo nutarimai sukėlė perversmą Katalikų Bažnyčios (toliau - Bažnyčia arba KB) savivokoje, vertinimo kriterijumi pasirinkta ikisusirinkiminė Bažnyčios Tradicija. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Eucharistijos bičiulių sąjūdis; Eucharistinis sąjūdis; Katalikiškasis pasipriešinimas; Kryžių kalnas; Lietuvos Katalikų Bažnyčios istorija; Rezistencija; Sovietinis režimas; Sovietinė Lietuva; Catholic resistance; Eucharist movement; Resistanse; Soviet Lithuania; The Catholic Church in Lithuania; The Cross hill; The Fellows of Eucharist Movement.

ENThe most significant factors that had determined formation of the Catholic resistance and the fellows of Eucharist Movement (the EBS), as the integral part of the previous, were thought to be the 2nd Congress of Vatican and suspension of Nikita Chruschov in l964. The Congress encouraged all links of the Church to be more active among the laity, jet polarized the clergy a lot: the hierarchy met the decisions of the Congress with hostility and purposely impeded implementation of reforms, while a number of young priests who enthusiastically agreed with the new teaching of the Church joined the opposition. The ones to distinguish themselves were Rev. Alfonsas Svarinskas, Juozas Zdebskis, Sigitas Tamkevičius, Petras Našlėnas. Participating in meetings of the believers since l966, often organized by publishers and distributors of the religious literature, they were preparing ground for actions of the Fellows of Eucharist Movement. They were actively assisted by sister monkhoods, especially the Sisters' Congregation of the Eucharist Jesus. Features peculiar to the later also made a large effect on the character of die EBS and its organizational structure. The idea of the Eucharist Sisters to spread their traditional Easter adoration among die laity was realized in the shape of the EBS by the sister Jadvyga Gema Slanelytė in 1969. Very significant to the genesis of the EBS was excursions, attendance of sacred places since 1964. Their organizers in Kaunas later also started organizing the Catholic life and were the first leaders of the Eucharist Fellows.Another important background for the origin of the Eucharist Fellows' group was gatherings of the religious women for prayers in Vilijampolė. After the Eucharist sisters Julija Kuodytė and Jadvyga Gema Staelytė joined them too, new qualitative stage started: invited to those gatherings were the active priests, were in initiated the so-called apostolic trips to support them, and which showed open disobedience to the Soviet authorities in Kaunas, the fellow circle of Carmelite Church became the base for a new individual Fellows' group of Petrašiūnai. Regarding other regions of Lithuania, the idea of the Eucharist Fellows spread in several years, firstly being implemented in Šiauliai. During the period considered, the movement was already in all the major towns (except for Vilnius), in Prienai district, many towns of Žemaitija (also known as Samogitia, in Lower Lithuania) and Northern Lithuania, and in some smaller towns. Number of such groups was increasing, the main group being then disintegrated into subdivisions according to the age or interests. When it would reach the maximum (optimum) size, a part of the group would break away (mostly the young members) and would form their own group with the new leader. In Kaunas, this process took place in the second half of 1971 and at the beginning of 1972. The first recollections of the leaders in Raudondvaris and the first meeting of the leaders in May 1973 (it is not known yet if it took place in Kaunas or Šiauliai) showed that the leaders' institution, however, not finally formed, emerged. [...]. [text from author]

• Teologija / Theology
• Istorija / History