Poligrafas Lietuvoje ir svetur
LTStraipsnyje autoriai pateikia psichofiziologinių tyrimų poligrafii, arba melo detektoriumi taikymą ikiteisminio tyrimo bylose ar baudžiamosiose bylose, praktiką ir teismų vertinimą taikant šį tyrimą. Trumpai apžvelgiamos tyrimo poligrafu gairės bei pateikiami šiuo metu pasaulyje dažniausi testai tyrimams poligrafu atlikti. Iškeliama diskusija apie tyrimus poligrafu remiantis Lietuvos ir užsienio moksline literatūra. Pateikiama teismo sprendimų baudžiamosiose bylose įvairovė vertinant tyrimo poligrafu specialisto išvados rezultatus.
ENThe article provides the community of lawyers and academicians with a concise however thorough information on the conception of psychophysiological research by using the polygraph (polygraph examination) and the application of this test in the criminal procedure in the course of which various criminal acts are disclosed and investigated. The article presents brief reviews of techniques applied in the examination by the polygraph when this test is applied in the disclosure and investigation of a criminal act. The authors have attempted to answer the main questions raised and discussions opened in mass media, in different political layers and also in the article "The Polygraph (Lie detector), as a Means of Proof in the Criminal Proceedings" by dr. G. Goda, which is considered by many authors to be the most innovative lawyer in our society. Several court judgments and decisions of cases are presented where the court was analysing whether a conclusion of the polygraph examination may be considered as evidence in a criminal case, also whether the examination by the polygraph is lawful in criminal proceedings and whether there are not any discrepancies of substantive law standards between the Law on the Use of the Polygraph of the Republic of Lithuania and the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania.The authors have provided their own practical and academic achievements and accomplishments in the field of the polygraph use, particularly with regard to the designed Event Knowledge Test. The conclusions of the article propose the idea that Lithuanian legal society does not have detailed information about examinations using the polygraph, methods used and judicial practice available. The attention is drawn to the fact that the polygraph test is one of the means of defense for accused persons in order to prove their innocence with regard to a criminal act. In the authors' opinion, considering contemporary practice and current situation, regulation of the national and European Union law, it is essential to supplement or amend the law on the use of the polygraph of the Republic of Lithuania as it extremely impedes the progress of such examination.
