Lietuvos energetikos ir ekonomikos sąsajų analizė ir įvertinimas

LTAtlikta analizė atskleidžia glaudų ryšį, egzistuojantį tarp įvairių energetikos sektorių ir ekonomikos. Šis ryšys, išreiškiamas daugeliu visuotinai pripažintų sąveikos rodiklių, rodo pirmines finansinės energetikos įmonių krizės priežastis ir jos pasekmes makroekonominėje plotmėje. Analizė įrodo, kad energijos tausojimas turėtų didžiulę teigiamą įtaką šalies ekonomikai.

ENIt is evident that there is lack of general information how vitally important is energy conservation in all links of energy transformation and not only in the stage of energy consumption (this all is defined by the general term of energy conservation), and that state should be more active and should arrange and coordinate energy conservation process more widely. Economic point and meaning of the task, which is raised here, finding and logic of solutions needs as wide standpoint as possible. This is clearly necessary term, which would include energy saving and efficiency terms and would also enable to evaluate whole effect from the point of view of state economic. Here I suggest energy conservation term, the content of which is energy saving and improvement of energy efficiency as well as the final result of energy saving and improvement of energy efficiency from the point of view of state interests. Only in this case it is possible to speak about state support policy towards energy conservation, when guaranteed effect, which could have real influence to economic process and those state economic, social and environmental goals. Main energy-economic indexes, such as energy intensity (especially calculated on the basis of parity of purchasing power, as it is the only possibility to ensure comparability of energy-economic indexes) and net import of energy resources per 1000 USD, GDP is one of the worst in the world. We can't blame just non-efficient consumption for such situation as Lithuania still has extremely high ration between primary energy and final consumption. This means that there are very high energy (conversion, transformation and transmission) losses. The ration between final energy consumption and total primary energy supply is approximately 50%, when average index is about 70%.This study shows that the content of energy conservation is wider that it is usually understood, i.e. when it is identified with energy saving and which is assigned for consumers only. The goal is to justify very important truth - the state importance of energy conservation which could force faster development of state economics Data, presented in this study show clear correlation between the import of energy resources and energy intensity in those countries. The more the country is involved in energy imports, the more efficient they use energy. From the global point of view energy importexport, i.e. net energy import is in practice equal to zero. This fact shows very much. All countries directed towards market economy have redirected themselves towards rational energy policy corresponding the economic capacity of their country and reflecting the abundance of own energy resources. This principle should be reflected in the main state legal acts. However present energy development strategy is based on the assumption that there exists "not discussed" minimum of energy consumption as basic starting point for the measuring energy demand. Certainly we should be in touch with this reality, however this huge excess energy consumption or in other words energy conservation potential, which is calculated in National Energy Efficiency Programme, should be considered as alternative energy resource. Besides, mastering of this potential also requires huge investment, but they should be evaluated from the point of view of state effect.