Šiuolaikinė lietuvių tekstilė: moteriškasis matmuo

LTStraipsnis skirtas pastarųjų dviejų dešimtmečių lietuvių tekstilininkių kūrybos tendencijoms, susijusioms su specifine moterų tapatybės raiška. Bandoma išsiaiškinti, kokiais pavidalais (tematika, plastika, atlikimo technika) reiškiasi asmeninė moterų patirtis, koks lietuvių tekstilininkių santykis su feminizmo ideologija, kaip kūrybingą menininkių saviraišką paveikė nepriklausomoje Lietuvoje įsivyravusi kūrybos laisvė. [Iš leidinio]Reikšminiai žodžiai: Šiuolaikinė lietuvių tekstilė; Šiuolaikinė lietuvių fotografija; Kūniškumas mene; Contemporary Lithuanian textile; Contemporary Lithuanian photography; Corporeality in art.

ENThe article discusses tendencies in the Lithuanian textile art of the last two decades related to a specific female identity manifestation. The author makes an attempt to identify what forms (subjects, plastics, technique) manifest women's personal experience and how self-expression has been affected by the creative freedom prevailing in the textile of independent Lithuania. Weaving was inseparable from woman's lifestyle and her life rituals in Lithuanian countryside as well as in other patriarchal agrarian cultures. It seems that the female-specific art medium should have promoted specific female artistic expression in professional textile. However, it was not at all times and this was primarily due to the fact that until the middle of the 20th century the development of worlds artistic and industrial textile was directed by men. Labour-intensive textile work requires to overcome the resistance of materials, so for a long time attempts were made to avoid accidental and personal expression in this area. The situation changed in the second half of the 20th century, when women started to dictate the textile tendencies drawing inspiration from the specificity of weaving process. Soviet Lithuanian textile art focused on the decorative function in architecture. However, tapestries by Danutė Kvietkevičiūtė, Ramutė Jasudytė, Salvinija Giedrimienė, Zita Alinskaitė-Mickonienė, Kazė Zimblytė were exhibited by strong emotional experiences, personal feelings and were characterized by expression of their distinctive interpretation of historic and cultural signs.A body phenomenon became the most important subject and the aim to discuss the current personal and social problems among conceptual ideas in the first decade of independent Lithuania's textile art. Lina Jonike, Laima Oržekauskienė, Vita Gelūnienė, Egle Gandą Bogdanienė devoted their creation to the themes concerning female existence. A woman began to depict a real woman - herself and another one, breaking into woman's intimate world, exposing her private life. Textile artists presented new interpretations of the biblical myths with the female heroes in the main roles. In this way women artists emerged into discussion with the classics, tradition as well as with history and the present. Not only the body itself but also textile clothing, which were sewn, woven, felted or made in authors' techniques became favourite textile objects. Female self-identity unfolds not only thematically, but also in terms of the material and techniques. Although conscious or unconscious methods of gender manifestations were used in the creative works of Lithuanian textile artists, their relationship with feminist ideas does not carry mono-semantic character. [From the publication]