Tarp Glavlito Scilės ir užmaršties Charibdės: poeto Jurijaus Dubasovo karinė strategija

LTStraipsnyje nagrinėjama rusų poeto Jurijaus Dubasovo, apsigyvenusio Lietuvoje po Antrojo pasaulinio karo pabaigos ir čia publikavusio tris eilėraščių knygas (atlydžio bei Atgimimo metais), literatūrinė strategija ir trajektorija. Šios analizės tikslas – pažvelgti į sovietmečio literatūros lauką, kurio pagrindine įtampa paprastai laikoma opozicija tarp oficialaus ir neoficialaus polių, iš kitokios perspektyvos, aktualizuojant profesionalaus rašytojo ir kūrėjo-mėgėjo priešpriešą. Straipsnyje parodoma, kaip ir kodėl Dubasovo literatūrinė strategija netilpo nei į socrealistinio, nei į nonkonformistinio kultūrinio projekto rėmus, aptariamos jo savitos koncepcijos (kūryba kaip paminklas) atsiradimo prielaidos.

ENThis articles analyzes the military strategy of the Russian poet Jurij Dubasov (1920-2000), who lived and published in Vilnius from the end of the Second World War. Despite all of his efforts, Dubasov never succeeded in achieving the status of official Soviet writer. His first books, which were published by the Vilnius Officers’ Club, avoided censorship and were mockingly reviewed in the satirical Russian newspaper Crocodile. Official sanctions would have brought Dubasov closer to unofficial culture, but his correspondence with the non-conformist Leningrad poet Vladimir Erl reveal the fundamental difference between the irony hiding behind Erl’s mask of congeniality and Dubasov’s sincere naiveté. Supported by "regular readers" and officers of different ranks (including marshals Georgy Zhukov and Konstantin Rokossovsky) but denied the support of influential members of the writers’ community (both official and unofficial), Dubasov remained an amateur. However, his "amateur" strategy was both atypical and highly innovative: it was based on an understanding of creativity formed during the Second World War, according to which it was not possible to speak about the literary quality of a work as the only condition for passing that work on to future generations. Dubasov’s adopted role of poet-annalist paradoxically allowed him to reconcile (both in his writing and his public stance) the Soviet intelligentsia’s cult of literature with what seems a philosophy of the historical value of the "everyday person".